[Peek]Adds QOI file support (#29919)

* Adds QOI support to Peek

* Reduce allocations on QoiImage

* Add to QOI to Peek's NOTICE as well.

* Ensure file stream is closed after reading QOI

NOTICE.md

@@ -788,6 +788,34 @@ SOFTWARE.
 
 ## Utility: Peek
 
+### The Quite OK Image Format reference decoder
+
+**Source**: https://github.com/phoboslab/qoi
+
+**Note**: [@pedrolamas](https://github.com/pedrolamas) translated and adapted the reference decoder code to C# that is in PowerToys from the original C++ implementation.
+
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2022 Dominic Szablewski
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+
 ### UTF Unknown
 
 We use the UTF.Unknown NuGet package for detecting encoding in text/code files.

src/common/FilePreviewCommon/FilePreviewCommon.csproj

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
     <Product>PowerToys</Product>
     <Description>PowerToys FilePreviewCommon</Description>
     <AssemblyName>PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon</AssemblyName>
+    <UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
+    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

src/common/FilePreviewCommon/Formatters/XmlFormatter.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon.Monaco.Formatters
             var stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
             var xmlWriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings()
             {
-                OmitXmlDeclaration = xmlDocument.FirstChild.NodeType != XmlNodeType.XmlDeclaration,
+                OmitXmlDeclaration = xmlDocument.FirstChild?.NodeType != XmlNodeType.XmlDeclaration,
                 Indent = true,
             };
 

src/common/FilePreviewCommon/GcodeHelper.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 
-namespace Common.Utilities
+namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Gcode file helper class.

src/common/FilePreviewCommon/GcodeThumbnail.cs

@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@
 using System;
 using System.Drawing;
 using System.IO;
-using PreviewHandlerCommon.Utilities;
 
-namespace Common.Utilities
+namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Represents a gcode thumbnail.

src/common/FilePreviewCommon/GcodeThumbnailFormat.cs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 
-namespace Common.Utilities
+namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// The gcode thumbnail image format.

src/common/FilePreviewCommon/MarkdownHelper.cs

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon
 
             // Extension to modify markdown AST.
             HTMLParsingExtension extension = new HTMLParsingExtension(imagesBlockedCallBack);
-            extension.FilePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);
+            extension.FilePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath) ?? string.Empty;
 
             // if you have a string with double space, some people view it as a new line.
             // while this is against spec, even GH supports this. Technically looks like GH just trims whitespace

src/common/FilePreviewCommon/MonacoHelper.cs

@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon
             new XmlFormatter(),
         }.AsReadOnly();
 
-        private static string _monacoDirectory;
+        private static string? _monacoDirectory;
 
         public static string GetRuntimeMonacoDirectory()
         {
             string codeBase = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
-            string path = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(Path.GetDirectoryName(codeBase), "Assets", "Monaco"));
+            string path = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(Path.GetDirectoryName(codeBase) ?? string.Empty, "Assets", "Monaco"));
             if (Path.Exists(path))
             {
                 return path;
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon
             else
             {
                 // We're likely in WinUI3Apps directory and need to go back to the base directory.
-                return Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(Path.GetDirectoryName(codeBase), "..", "Assets", "Monaco"));
+                return Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(Path.GetDirectoryName(codeBase) ?? string.Empty, "..", "Assets", "Monaco"));
             }
         }
 

src/common/FilePreviewCommon/QoiImage.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Buffers.Binary;
+using System.Drawing;
+using System.Drawing.Imaging;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Text;
+
+//// Based on https://github.com/phoboslab/qoi/blob/master/qoi.h
+
+namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// QOI Image helper.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static class QoiImage
+    {
+#pragma warning disable SA1310 // Field names should not contain underscore
+        private const byte QOI_OP_INDEX = 0x00; // 00xxxxxx
+        private const byte QOI_OP_DIFF = 0x40;  // 01xxxxxx
+        private const byte QOI_OP_LUMA = 0x80;  // 10xxxxxx
+        private const byte QOI_OP_RUN = 0xc0;   // 11xxxxxx
+        private const byte QOI_OP_RGB = 0xfe;   // 11111110
+        private const byte QOI_OP_RGBA = 0xff;  // 11111111
+
+        private const byte QOI_MASK_2 = 0xc0;   // 11000000
+
+        private const int QOI_MAGIC = 'q' << 24 | 'o' << 16 | 'i' << 8 | 'f';
+        private const int QOI_HEADER_SIZE = 14;
+
+        private const uint QOI_PIXELS_MAX = 400000000;
+
+        private const byte QOI_PADDING_LENGTH = 8;
+#pragma warning restore SA1310 // Field names should not contain underscore
+
+        private record struct QoiPixel(byte R, byte G, byte B, byte A)
+        {
+            public readonly int GetColorHash() => (R * 3) + (G * 5) + (B * 7) + (A * 11);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a <see cref="Bitmap"/> from the specified QOI data stream.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="stream">A <see cref="Stream"/> that contains the QOI data.</param>
+        /// <returns>The <see cref="Bitmap"/> this method creates.</returns>
+        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">The stream does not have a valid QOI image format.</exception>
+        public static Bitmap FromStream(Stream stream)
+        {
+            var fileSize = stream.Length;
+
+            if (fileSize < QOI_HEADER_SIZE + QOI_PADDING_LENGTH)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentException("Not enough data for a QOI file");
+            }
+
+            Bitmap? bitmap = null;
+
+            try
+            {
+                using var reader = new BinaryReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8, true);
+
+                var headerMagic = ReadUInt32BigEndian(reader);
+
+                if (headerMagic != QOI_MAGIC)
+                {
+                    throw new ArgumentException("Invalid QOI file header");
+                }
+
+                var width = ReadUInt32BigEndian(reader);
+                var height = ReadUInt32BigEndian(reader);
+                var channels = reader.ReadByte();
+                var colorSpace = reader.ReadByte();
+
+                if (width == 0 || height == 0 || channels < 3 || channels > 4 || colorSpace > 1 || height >= QOI_PIXELS_MAX / width)
+                {
+                    throw new ArgumentException("Invalid QOI file data");
+                }
+
+                var pixelFormat = channels == 4 ? PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb : PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb;
+
+                bitmap = new Bitmap((int)width, (int)height, pixelFormat);
+
+                var bitmapData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.WriteOnly, pixelFormat);
+                var dataLength = bitmapData.Height * bitmapData.Stride;
+
+                var index = new QoiPixel[64];
+                var pixel = new QoiPixel(0, 0, 0, 255);
+
+                var run = 0;
+                var chunksLen = fileSize - QOI_PADDING_LENGTH;
+
+                for (var dataIndex = 0; dataIndex < dataLength; dataIndex += channels)
+                {
+                    if (run > 0)
+                    {
+                        run--;
+                    }
+                    else if (stream.Position < chunksLen)
+                    {
+                        var b1 = reader.ReadByte();
+
+                        if (b1 == QOI_OP_RGB)
+                        {
+                            pixel.R = reader.ReadByte();
+                            pixel.G = reader.ReadByte();
+                            pixel.B = reader.ReadByte();
+                        }
+                        else if (b1 == QOI_OP_RGBA)
+                        {
+                            pixel.R = reader.ReadByte();
+                            pixel.G = reader.ReadByte();
+                            pixel.B = reader.ReadByte();
+                            pixel.A = reader.ReadByte();
+                        }
+                        else if ((b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_INDEX)
+                        {
+                            pixel = index[b1];
+                        }
+                        else if ((b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_DIFF)
+                        {
+                            pixel.R += (byte)(((b1 >> 4) & 0x03) - 2);
+                            pixel.G += (byte)(((b1 >> 2) & 0x03) - 2);
+                            pixel.B += (byte)((b1 & 0x03) - 2);
+                        }
+                        else if ((b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_LUMA)
+                        {
+                            var b2 = reader.ReadByte();
+                            var vg = (b1 & 0x3f) - 32;
+                            pixel.R += (byte)(vg - 8 + ((b2 >> 4) & 0x0f));
+                            pixel.G += (byte)vg;
+                            pixel.B += (byte)(vg - 8 + (b2 & 0x0f));
+                        }
+                        else if ((b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_RUN)
+                        {
+                            run = b1 & 0x3f;
+                        }
+
+                        index[pixel.GetColorHash() % 64] = pixel;
+                    }
+
+                    unsafe
+                    {
+                        var bitmapPixel = (byte*)bitmapData.Scan0 + dataIndex;
+
+                        bitmapPixel[0] = pixel.B;
+                        bitmapPixel[1] = pixel.G;
+                        bitmapPixel[2] = pixel.R;
+                        if (channels == 4)
+                        {
+                            bitmapPixel[3] = pixel.A;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                bitmap.UnlockBits(bitmapData);
+
+                return bitmap;
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                bitmap?.Dispose();
+
+                throw;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static uint ReadUInt32BigEndian(BinaryReader reader)
+        {
+            var buffer = reader.ReadBytes(4);
+
+            return BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32BigEndian(buffer);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/modules/peek/Peek.Common/Extensions/IFileSystemItemExtensions.cs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 
-using System;
+using System.Buffers.Binary;
 using System.Globalization;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
@@ -77,6 +77,31 @@ namespace Peek.Common.Extensions
             return size;
         }
 
+        public static Size? GetQoiSize(this IFileSystemItem item)
+        {
+            Size? size = null;
+            using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(item.Path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite | FileShare.Delete))
+            {
+                if (stream.Length >= 12)
+                {
+                    stream.Position = 4;
+
+                    using (var reader = new BinaryReader(stream))
+                    {
+                        uint widthValue = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32BigEndian(reader.ReadBytes(4));
+                        uint heightValue = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32BigEndian(reader.ReadBytes(4));
+
+                        if (widthValue > 0 && heightValue > 0)
+                        {
+                            size = new Size(widthValue, heightValue);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return size;
+        }
+
         public static ulong GetSizeInBytes(this IFileSystemItem item)
         {
             ulong sizeInBytes = 0;

src/modules/peek/Peek.FilePreviewer/Previewers/Helpers/BitmapHelper.cs

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ namespace Peek.FilePreviewer.Previewers.Helpers
         public static async Task<BitmapSource> GetBitmapFromHBitmapAsync(IntPtr hbitmap, bool isSupportingTransparency, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {
             Bitmap? bitmap = null;
-            Bitmap? tempBitmapForDeletion = null;
 
             try
             {
@@ -26,15 +25,29 @@ namespace Peek.FilePreviewer.Previewers.Helpers
 
                 cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
 
+                return await BitmapToImageSource(bitmap, isSupportingTransparency, cancellationToken);
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                bitmap?.Dispose();
+
+                // delete HBitmap to avoid memory leaks
+                NativeMethods.DeleteObject(hbitmap);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static async Task<BitmapSource> BitmapToImageSource(Bitmap bitmap, bool isSupportingTransparency, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+        {
+            Bitmap? transparentBitmap = null;
+
+            try
+            {
                 if (isSupportingTransparency && bitmap.PixelFormat == PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb)
                 {
                     var bitmapRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height);
                     var bitmapData = bitmap.LockBits(bitmapRectangle, ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, bitmap.PixelFormat);
 
-                    var transparentBitmap = new Bitmap(bitmapData.Width, bitmapData.Height, bitmapData.Stride, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb, bitmapData.Scan0);
+                    transparentBitmap = new Bitmap(bitmapData.Width, bitmapData.Height, bitmapData.Stride, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb, bitmapData.Scan0);
-
-                    // Can't dispose of original bitmap yet as that causes crashes on png files. Saving it for later disposal after saving to stream.
-                    tempBitmapForDeletion = bitmap;
                     bitmap = transparentBitmap;
                 }
 
@@ -54,11 +67,7 @@ namespace Peek.FilePreviewer.Previewers.Helpers
             }
             finally
             {
-                bitmap?.Dispose();
+                transparentBitmap?.Dispose();
-                tempBitmapForDeletion?.Dispose();
-
-                // delete HBitmap to avoid memory leaks
-                NativeMethods.DeleteObject(hbitmap);
             }
         }
 

src/modules/peek/Peek.FilePreviewer/Previewers/MediaPreviewer/ImagePreviewer.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using CommunityToolkit.Mvvm.ComponentModel;
 using ManagedCommon;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon;
 using Microsoft.UI.Dispatching;
 using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
 using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media.Imaging;
@@ -91,6 +92,14 @@ namespace Peek.FilePreviewer.Previewers
                     ImageSize = size.Value;
                 }
             }
+            else if (IsQoi(Item))
+            {
+                var size = await Task.Run(Item.GetQoiSize);
+                if (size != null)
+                {
+                    ImageSize = size.Value;
+                }
+            }
             else
             {
                 ImageSize = await Task.Run(Item.GetImageSize);
@@ -257,6 +266,12 @@ namespace Peek.FilePreviewer.Previewers
 
                         Preview = source;
                     }
+                    else if (IsQoi(Item))
+                    {
+                        using var bitmap = QoiImage.FromStream(stream);
+
+                        Preview = await BitmapHelper.BitmapToImageSource(bitmap, true, cancellationToken);
+                    }
                     else
                     {
                         var bitmap = new BitmapImage();
@@ -286,6 +301,11 @@ namespace Peek.FilePreviewer.Previewers
             return item.Extension == ".svg";
         }
 
+        private bool IsQoi(IFileSystemItem item)
+        {
+            return item.Extension == ".qoi";
+        }
+
         private void Clear()
         {
             lowQualityThumbnailPreview = null;
@@ -367,6 +387,8 @@ namespace Peek.FilePreviewer.Previewers
                 ".cr3",
 
                 ".svg",
+
+                ".qoi",
         };
     }
 }

src/modules/previewpane/GcodePreviewHandler/GcodePreviewHandler.csproj

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
 
   <ItemGroup>
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\Common.UI\Common.UI.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\FilePreviewCommon\FilePreviewCommon.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\GPOWrapper\GPOWrapper.vcxproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\interop\PowerToys.Interop.vcxproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\ManagedTelemetry\Telemetry\ManagedTelemetry.csproj" />

src/modules/previewpane/GcodePreviewHandler/GcodePreviewHandlerControl.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 
 using Common;
-using Common.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon;
 using Microsoft.PowerToys.PreviewHandler.Gcode.Telemetry.Events;
 using Microsoft.PowerToys.Telemetry;
 

src/modules/previewpane/GcodeThumbnailProvider/GcodeThumbnailProvider.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
 using System.Drawing.Imaging;
-using Common.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon;
 
 namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.ThumbnailHandler.Gcode
 {

src/modules/previewpane/GcodeThumbnailProvider/GcodeThumbnailProvider.csproj

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\FilePreviewCommon\FilePreviewCommon.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\GPOWrapper\GPOWrapper.vcxproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\ManagedTelemetry\Telemetry\ManagedTelemetry.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Common\PreviewHandlerCommon.csproj" />

src/modules/previewpane/QoiPreviewHandler/QoiPreviewHandler.csproj

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
 
   <ItemGroup>
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\Common.UI\Common.UI.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\FilePreviewCommon\FilePreviewCommon.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\GPOWrapper\GPOWrapper.vcxproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\interop\PowerToys.Interop.vcxproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\ManagedTelemetry\Telemetry\ManagedTelemetry.csproj" />

src/modules/previewpane/QoiPreviewHandler/QoiPreviewHandlerControl.cs

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 
 using Common;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon;
 using Microsoft.PowerToys.PreviewHandler.Qoi.Telemetry.Events;
 using Microsoft.PowerToys.Telemetry;
-using PreviewHandlerCommon.Utilities;
 
 namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.PreviewHandler.Qoi
 {
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.PreviewHandler.Qoi
                     throw new ArgumentException($"{nameof(dataSource)} for {nameof(QoiPreviewHandlerControl)} must be a string but was a '{typeof(T)}'");
                 }
 
-                FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
+                using FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
 
                 thumbnail = QoiImage.FromStream(fs);
 

src/modules/previewpane/QoiThumbnailProvider/QoiThumbnailProvider.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
 using System.Drawing.Imaging;
-using PreviewHandlerCommon.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.FilePreviewCommon;
 
 namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.ThumbnailHandler.Qoi
 {

src/modules/previewpane/QoiThumbnailProvider/QoiThumbnailProvider.csproj

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\FilePreviewCommon\FilePreviewCommon.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\GPOWrapper\GPOWrapper.vcxproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\ManagedTelemetry\Telemetry\ManagedTelemetry.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Common\PreviewHandlerCommon.csproj" />

src/modules/previewpane/common/PreviewHandlerCommon.csproj

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
     <AppendRuntimeIdentifierToOutputPath>false</AppendRuntimeIdentifierToOutputPath>
     <CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>true</CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>
     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
-    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <PropertyGroup>

src/modules/previewpane/common/Utilities/QoiImage.cs

@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
-// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
-// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
-
-using System;
-using System.Buffers.Binary;
-using System.Drawing;
-using System.Drawing.Imaging;
-using System.IO;
-
-//// Based on https://github.com/phoboslab/qoi/blob/master/qoi.h
-
-namespace PreviewHandlerCommon.Utilities
-{
-    /// <summary>
-    /// QOI Image helper.
-    /// </summary>
-    public static class QoiImage
-    {
-#pragma warning disable SA1310 // Field names should not contain underscore
-        private const byte QOI_OP_INDEX = 0x00; // 00xxxxxx
-        private const byte QOI_OP_DIFF = 0x40;  // 01xxxxxx
-        private const byte QOI_OP_LUMA = 0x80;  // 10xxxxxx
-        private const byte QOI_OP_RUN = 0xc0;   // 11xxxxxx
-        private const byte QOI_OP_RGB = 0xfe;   // 11111110
-        private const byte QOI_OP_RGBA = 0xff;  // 11111111
-
-        private const byte QOI_MASK_2 = 0xc0;   // 11000000
-
-        private const int QOI_MAGIC = 'q' << 24 | 'o' << 16 | 'i' << 8 | 'f';
-        private const int QOI_HEADER_SIZE = 14;
-
-        private const uint QOI_PIXELS_MAX = 400000000;
-
-        private const byte QOI_PADDING_LENGTH = 8;
-#pragma warning restore SA1310 // Field names should not contain underscore
-
-        private record struct QoiPixel(byte R, byte G, byte B, byte A)
-        {
-            public readonly int GetColorHash() => (R * 3) + (G * 5) + (B * 7) + (A * 11);
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Creates a <see cref="Bitmap"/> from the specified QOI data stream.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="stream">A <see cref="Stream"/> that contains the QOI data.</param>
-        /// <returns>The <see cref="Bitmap"/> this method creates.</returns>
-        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">The stream does not have a valid QOI image format.</exception>
-        public static Bitmap FromStream(Stream stream)
-        {
-            var fileSize = stream.Length;
-
-            if (fileSize < QOI_HEADER_SIZE + QOI_PADDING_LENGTH)
-            {
-                throw new ArgumentException("Not enough data for a QOI file");
-            }
-
-            using var reader = new BinaryReader(stream);
-
-            var headerMagic = ReadUInt32BigEndian(reader);
-
-            if (headerMagic != QOI_MAGIC)
-            {
-                throw new ArgumentException("Invalid QOI file header");
-            }
-
-            var width = ReadUInt32BigEndian(reader);
-            var height = ReadUInt32BigEndian(reader);
-            var channels = reader.ReadByte();
-            var colorSpace = reader.ReadByte();
-
-            if (width == 0 || height == 0 || channels < 3 || channels > 4 || colorSpace > 1 || height >= QOI_PIXELS_MAX / width)
-            {
-                throw new ArgumentException("Invalid QOI file data");
-            }
-
-            var pixelsCount = width * height;
-            var pixels = new QoiPixel[pixelsCount];
-            var index = new QoiPixel[64];
-
-            var pixel = new QoiPixel(0, 0, 0, 255);
-
-            var run = 0;
-            var chunksLen = fileSize - QOI_PADDING_LENGTH;
-
-            for (var pixelIndex = 0; pixelIndex < pixelsCount; pixelIndex++)
-            {
-                if (run > 0)
-                {
-                    run--;
-                }
-                else if (stream.Position < chunksLen)
-                {
-                    var b1 = reader.ReadByte();
-
-                    if (b1 == QOI_OP_RGB)
-                    {
-                        pixel.R = reader.ReadByte();
-                        pixel.G = reader.ReadByte();
-                        pixel.B = reader.ReadByte();
-                    }
-                    else if (b1 == QOI_OP_RGBA)
-                    {
-                        pixel.R = reader.ReadByte();
-                        pixel.G = reader.ReadByte();
-                        pixel.B = reader.ReadByte();
-                        pixel.A = reader.ReadByte();
-                    }
-                    else if ((b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_INDEX)
-                    {
-                        pixel = index[b1];
-                    }
-                    else if ((b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_DIFF)
-                    {
-                        pixel.R += (byte)(((b1 >> 4) & 0x03) - 2);
-                        pixel.G += (byte)(((b1 >> 2) & 0x03) - 2);
-                        pixel.B += (byte)((b1 & 0x03) - 2);
-                    }
-                    else if ((b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_LUMA)
-                    {
-                        var b2 = reader.ReadByte();
-                        var vg = (b1 & 0x3f) - 32;
-                        pixel.R += (byte)(vg - 8 + ((b2 >> 4) & 0x0f));
-                        pixel.G += (byte)vg;
-                        pixel.B += (byte)(vg - 8 + (b2 & 0x0f));
-                    }
-                    else if ((b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_RUN)
-                    {
-                        run = b1 & 0x3f;
-                    }
-
-                    index[pixel.GetColorHash() % 64] = pixel;
-                }
-
-                pixels[pixelIndex] = pixel;
-            }
-
-            return ConvertToBitmap(width, height, channels, pixels);
-        }
-
-        private static Bitmap ConvertToBitmap(uint width, uint height, byte channels, QoiPixel[] pixels)
-        {
-            var pixelFormat = channels == 4 ? PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb : PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb;
-            var bitmap = new Bitmap((int)width, (int)height, pixelFormat);
-
-            var bitmapData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.WriteOnly, pixelFormat);
-
-            unsafe
-            {
-                for (var pixelIndex = 0; pixelIndex < pixels.Length; pixelIndex++)
-                {
-                    var pixel = pixels[pixelIndex];
-                    var bitmapPixel = (byte*)bitmapData.Scan0 + (pixelIndex * channels);
-
-                    bitmapPixel[0] = pixel.B;
-                    bitmapPixel[1] = pixel.G;
-                    bitmapPixel[2] = pixel.R;
-                    if (channels == 4)
-                    {
-                        bitmapPixel[3] = pixel.A;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            bitmap.UnlockBits(bitmapData);
-
-            return bitmap;
-        }
-
-        private static uint ReadUInt32BigEndian(BinaryReader reader)
-        {
-            var buffer = reader.ReadBytes(4);
-
-            return BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32BigEndian(buffer);
-        }
-    }
-}