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2f008ac19e
leveldb/db/db_bench.cc
Chris Mumford 2f008ac19e Initialize class members to default values in constructors. 
There were a few members which were identified to have been left
uninitialized in some constructors. These were very likely to
have been set before being used, otherwise the ASan tests would
have caught them, but still good practice to have them
initialized. This addresses some items reported in issue #668.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 243370145
2019-04-12 18:50:15 -07:00

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// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "leveldb/cache.h"
#include "leveldb/db.h"
#include "leveldb/env.h"
#include "leveldb/filter_policy.h"
#include "leveldb/write_batch.h"
#include "port/port.h"
#include "util/crc32c.h"
#include "util/histogram.h"
#include "util/mutexlock.h"
#include "util/random.h"
#include "util/testutil.h"
// Comma-separated list of operations to run in the specified order
// Actual benchmarks:
// fillseq -- write N values in sequential key order in async mode
// fillrandom -- write N values in random key order in async mode
// overwrite -- overwrite N values in random key order in async mode
// fillsync -- write N/100 values in random key order in sync mode
// fill100K -- write N/1000 100K values in random order in async mode
// deleteseq -- delete N keys in sequential order
// deleterandom -- delete N keys in random order
// readseq -- read N times sequentially
// readreverse -- read N times in reverse order
// readrandom -- read N times in random order
// readmissing -- read N missing keys in random order
// readhot -- read N times in random order from 1% section of DB
// seekrandom -- N random seeks
// open -- cost of opening a DB
// crc32c -- repeated crc32c of 4K of data
// Meta operations:
// compact -- Compact the entire DB
// stats -- Print DB stats
// sstables -- Print sstable info
// heapprofile -- Dump a heap profile (if supported by this port)
static const char* FLAGS_benchmarks =
"fillseq,"
"fillsync,"
"fillrandom,"
"overwrite,"
"readrandom,"
"readrandom," // Extra run to allow previous compactions to quiesce
"readseq,"
"readreverse,"
"compact,"
"readrandom,"
"readseq,"
"readreverse,"
"fill100K,"
"crc32c,"
"snappycomp,"
"snappyuncomp,"
;
// Number of key/values to place in database
static int FLAGS_num = 1000000;
// Number of read operations to do. If negative, do FLAGS_num reads.
static int FLAGS_reads = -1;
// Number of concurrent threads to run.
static int FLAGS_threads = 1;
// Size of each value
static int FLAGS_value_size = 100;
// Arrange to generate values that shrink to this fraction of
// their original size after compression
static double FLAGS_compression_ratio = 0.5;
// Print histogram of operation timings
static bool FLAGS_histogram = false;
// Number of bytes to buffer in memtable before compacting
// (initialized to default value by "main")
static int FLAGS_write_buffer_size = 0;
// Number of bytes written to each file.
// (initialized to default value by "main")
static int FLAGS_max_file_size = 0;
// Approximate size of user data packed per block (before compression.
// (initialized to default value by "main")
static int FLAGS_block_size = 0;
// Number of bytes to use as a cache of uncompressed data.
// Negative means use default settings.
static int FLAGS_cache_size = -1;
// Maximum number of files to keep open at the same time (use default if == 0)
static int FLAGS_open_files = 0;
// Bloom filter bits per key.
// Negative means use default settings.
static int FLAGS_bloom_bits = -1;
// If true, do not destroy the existing database. If you set this
// flag and also specify a benchmark that wants a fresh database, that
// benchmark will fail.
static bool FLAGS_use_existing_db = false;
// If true, reuse existing log/MANIFEST files when re-opening a database.
static bool FLAGS_reuse_logs = false;
// Use the db with the following name.
static const char* FLAGS_db = nullptr;
namespace leveldb {
namespace {
leveldb::Env* g_env = nullptr;
// Helper for quickly generating random data.
class RandomGenerator {
private:
std::string data_;
int pos_;
public:
RandomGenerator() {
// We use a limited amount of data over and over again and ensure
// that it is larger than the compression window (32KB), and also
// large enough to serve all typical value sizes we want to write.
Random rnd(301);
std::string piece;
while (data_.size() < 1048576) {
// Add a short fragment that is as compressible as specified
// by FLAGS_compression_ratio.
test::CompressibleString(&rnd, FLAGS_compression_ratio, 100, &piece);
data_.append(piece);
}
pos_ = 0;
}
Slice Generate(size_t len) {
if (pos_ + len > data_.size()) {
pos_ = 0;
assert(len < data_.size());
}
pos_ += len;
return Slice(data_.data() + pos_ - len, len);
}
};
#if defined(__linux)
static Slice TrimSpace(Slice s) {
size_t start = 0;
while (start < s.size() && isspace(s[start])) {
start++;
}
size_t limit = s.size();
while (limit > start && isspace(s[limit-1])) {
limit--;
}
return Slice(s.data() + start, limit - start);
}
#endif
static void AppendWithSpace(std::string* str, Slice msg) {
if (msg.empty()) return;
if (!str->empty()) {
str->push_back(' ');
}
str->append(msg.data(), msg.size());
}
class Stats {
private:
double start_;
double finish_;
double seconds_;
int done_;
int next_report_;
int64_t bytes_;
double last_op_finish_;
Histogram hist_;
std::string message_;
public:
Stats() { Start(); }
void Start() {
next_report_ = 100;
last_op_finish_ = start_;
hist_.Clear();
done_ = 0;
bytes_ = 0;
seconds_ = 0;
start_ = g_env->NowMicros();
finish_ = start_;
message_.clear();
}
void Merge(const Stats& other) {
hist_.Merge(other.hist_);
done_ += other.done_;
bytes_ += other.bytes_;
seconds_ += other.seconds_;
if (other.start_ < start_) start_ = other.start_;
if (other.finish_ > finish_) finish_ = other.finish_;
// Just keep the messages from one thread
if (message_.empty()) message_ = other.message_;
}
void Stop() {
finish_ = g_env->NowMicros();
seconds_ = (finish_ - start_) * 1e-6;
}
void AddMessage(Slice msg) {
AppendWithSpace(&message_, msg);
}
void FinishedSingleOp() {
if (FLAGS_histogram) {
double now = g_env->NowMicros();
double micros = now - last_op_finish_;
hist_.Add(micros);
if (micros > 20000) {
fprintf(stderr, "long op: %.1f micros%30s\r", micros, "");
fflush(stderr);
}
last_op_finish_ = now;
}
done_++;
if (done_ >= next_report_) {
if (next_report_ < 1000) next_report_ += 100;
else if (next_report_ < 5000) next_report_ += 500;
else if (next_report_ < 10000) next_report_ += 1000;
else if (next_report_ < 50000) next_report_ += 5000;
else if (next_report_ < 100000) next_report_ += 10000;
else if (next_report_ < 500000) next_report_ += 50000;
else next_report_ += 100000;
fprintf(stderr, "... finished %d ops%30s\r", done_, "");
fflush(stderr);
}
}
void AddBytes(int64_t n) {
bytes_ += n;
}
void Report(const Slice& name) {
// Pretend at least one op was done in case we are running a benchmark
// that does not call FinishedSingleOp().
if (done_ < 1) done_ = 1;
std::string extra;
if (bytes_ > 0) {
// Rate is computed on actual elapsed time, not the sum of per-thread
// elapsed times.
double elapsed = (finish_ - start_) * 1e-6;
char rate[100];
snprintf(rate, sizeof(rate), "%6.1f MB/s",
(bytes_ / 1048576.0) / elapsed);
extra = rate;
}
AppendWithSpace(&extra, message_);
fprintf(stdout, "%-12s : %11.3f micros/op;%s%s\n",
name.ToString().c_str(),
seconds_ * 1e6 / done_,
(extra.empty() ? "" : " "),
extra.c_str());
if (FLAGS_histogram) {
fprintf(stdout, "Microseconds per op:\n%s\n", hist_.ToString().c_str());
}
fflush(stdout);
}
};
// State shared by all concurrent executions of the same benchmark.
struct SharedState {
port::Mutex mu;
port::CondVar cv GUARDED_BY(mu);
int total GUARDED_BY(mu);
// Each thread goes through the following states:
// (1) initializing
// (2) waiting for others to be initialized
// (3) running
// (4) done
int num_initialized GUARDED_BY(mu);
int num_done GUARDED_BY(mu);
bool start GUARDED_BY(mu);
SharedState(int total)
: cv(&mu), total(total), num_initialized(0), num_done(0), start(false) { }
};
// Per-thread state for concurrent executions of the same benchmark.
struct ThreadState {
int tid; // 0..n-1 when running in n threads
Random rand; // Has different seeds for different threads
Stats stats;
SharedState* shared;
ThreadState(int index) : tid(index), rand(1000 + index), shared(nullptr) {}
};
} // namespace
class Benchmark {
private:
Cache* cache_;
const FilterPolicy* filter_policy_;
DB* db_;
int num_;
int value_size_;
int entries_per_batch_;
WriteOptions write_options_;
int reads_;
int heap_counter_;
void PrintHeader() {
const int kKeySize = 16;
PrintEnvironment();
fprintf(stdout, "Keys: %d bytes each\n", kKeySize);
fprintf(stdout, "Values: %d bytes each (%d bytes after compression)\n",
FLAGS_value_size,
static_cast<int>(FLAGS_value_size * FLAGS_compression_ratio + 0.5));
fprintf(stdout, "Entries: %d\n", num_);
fprintf(stdout, "RawSize: %.1f MB (estimated)\n",
((static_cast<int64_t>(kKeySize + FLAGS_value_size) * num_)
/ 1048576.0));
fprintf(stdout, "FileSize: %.1f MB (estimated)\n",
(((kKeySize + FLAGS_value_size * FLAGS_compression_ratio) * num_)
/ 1048576.0));
PrintWarnings();
fprintf(stdout, "------------------------------------------------\n");
}
void PrintWarnings() {
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
fprintf(stdout,
"WARNING: Optimization is disabled: benchmarks unnecessarily slow\n"
);
#endif
#ifndef NDEBUG
fprintf(stdout,
"WARNING: Assertions are enabled; benchmarks unnecessarily slow\n");
#endif
// See if snappy is working by attempting to compress a compressible string
const char text[] = "yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy";
std::string compressed;
if (!port::Snappy_Compress(text, sizeof(text), &compressed)) {
fprintf(stdout, "WARNING: Snappy compression is not enabled\n");
} else if (compressed.size() >= sizeof(text)) {
fprintf(stdout, "WARNING: Snappy compression is not effective\n");
}
}
void PrintEnvironment() {
fprintf(stderr, "LevelDB: version %d.%d\n",
kMajorVersion, kMinorVersion);
#if defined(__linux)
time_t now = time(nullptr);
fprintf(stderr, "Date: %s", ctime(&now)); // ctime() adds newline
FILE* cpuinfo = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
if (cpuinfo != nullptr) {
char line[1000];
int num_cpus = 0;
std::string cpu_type;
std::string cache_size;
while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), cpuinfo) != nullptr) {
const char* sep = strchr(line, ':');
if (sep == nullptr) {
continue;
}
Slice key = TrimSpace(Slice(line, sep - 1 - line));
Slice val = TrimSpace(Slice(sep + 1));
if (key == "model name") {
++num_cpus;
cpu_type = val.ToString();
} else if (key == "cache size") {
cache_size = val.ToString();
}
}
fclose(cpuinfo);
fprintf(stderr, "CPU: %d * %s\n", num_cpus, cpu_type.c_str());
fprintf(stderr, "CPUCache: %s\n", cache_size.c_str());
}
#endif
}
public:
Benchmark()
: cache_(FLAGS_cache_size >= 0 ? NewLRUCache(FLAGS_cache_size) : nullptr),
filter_policy_(FLAGS_bloom_bits >= 0
? NewBloomFilterPolicy(FLAGS_bloom_bits)
: nullptr),
db_(nullptr),
num_(FLAGS_num),
value_size_(FLAGS_value_size),
entries_per_batch_(1),
reads_(FLAGS_reads < 0 ? FLAGS_num : FLAGS_reads),
heap_counter_(0) {
std::vector<std::string> files;
g_env->GetChildren(FLAGS_db, &files);
for (size_t i = 0; i < files.size(); i++) {
if (Slice(files[i]).starts_with("heap-")) {
g_env->DeleteFile(std::string(FLAGS_db) + "/" + files[i]);
}
}
if (!FLAGS_use_existing_db) {
DestroyDB(FLAGS_db, Options());
}
}
~Benchmark() {
delete db_;
delete cache_;
delete filter_policy_;
}
void Run() {
PrintHeader();
Open();
const char* benchmarks = FLAGS_benchmarks;
while (benchmarks != nullptr) {
const char* sep = strchr(benchmarks, ',');
Slice name;
if (sep == nullptr) {
name = benchmarks;
benchmarks = nullptr;
} else {
name = Slice(benchmarks, sep - benchmarks);
benchmarks = sep + 1;
}
// Reset parameters that may be overridden below
num_ = FLAGS_num;
reads_ = (FLAGS_reads < 0 ? FLAGS_num : FLAGS_reads);
value_size_ = FLAGS_value_size;
entries_per_batch_ = 1;
write_options_ = WriteOptions();
void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*) = nullptr;
bool fresh_db = false;
int num_threads = FLAGS_threads;
if (name == Slice("open")) {
method = &Benchmark::OpenBench;
num_ /= 10000;
if (num_ < 1) num_ = 1;
} else if (name == Slice("fillseq")) {
fresh_db = true;
method = &Benchmark::WriteSeq;
} else if (name == Slice("fillbatch")) {
fresh_db = true;
entries_per_batch_ = 1000;
method = &Benchmark::WriteSeq;
} else if (name == Slice("fillrandom")) {
fresh_db = true;
method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
} else if (name == Slice("overwrite")) {
fresh_db = false;
method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
} else if (name == Slice("fillsync")) {
fresh_db = true;
num_ /= 1000;
write_options_.sync = true;
method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
} else if (name == Slice("fill100K")) {
fresh_db = true;
num_ /= 1000;
value_size_ = 100 * 1000;
method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
} else if (name == Slice("readseq")) {
method = &Benchmark::ReadSequential;
} else if (name == Slice("readreverse")) {
method = &Benchmark::ReadReverse;
} else if (name == Slice("readrandom")) {
method = &Benchmark::ReadRandom;
} else if (name == Slice("readmissing")) {
method = &Benchmark::ReadMissing;
} else if (name == Slice("seekrandom")) {
method = &Benchmark::SeekRandom;
} else if (name == Slice("readhot")) {
method = &Benchmark::ReadHot;
} else if (name == Slice("readrandomsmall")) {
reads_ /= 1000;
method = &Benchmark::ReadRandom;
} else if (name == Slice("deleteseq")) {
method = &Benchmark::DeleteSeq;
} else if (name == Slice("deleterandom")) {
method = &Benchmark::DeleteRandom;
} else if (name == Slice("readwhilewriting")) {
num_threads++; // Add extra thread for writing
method = &Benchmark::ReadWhileWriting;
} else if (name == Slice("compact")) {
method = &Benchmark::Compact;
} else if (name == Slice("crc32c")) {
method = &Benchmark::Crc32c;
} else if (name == Slice("snappycomp")) {
method = &Benchmark::SnappyCompress;
} else if (name == Slice("snappyuncomp")) {
method = &Benchmark::SnappyUncompress;
} else if (name == Slice("heapprofile")) {
HeapProfile();
} else if (name == Slice("stats")) {
PrintStats("leveldb.stats");
} else if (name == Slice("sstables")) {
PrintStats("leveldb.sstables");
} else {
if (name != Slice()) { // No error message for empty name
fprintf(stderr, "unknown benchmark '%s'\n", name.ToString().c_str());
}
}
if (fresh_db) {
if (FLAGS_use_existing_db) {
fprintf(stdout, "%-12s : skipped (--use_existing_db is true)\n",
name.ToString().c_str());
method = nullptr;
} else {
delete db_;
db_ = nullptr;
DestroyDB(FLAGS_db, Options());
Open();
}
}
if (method != nullptr) {
RunBenchmark(num_threads, name, method);
}
}
}
private:
struct ThreadArg {
Benchmark* bm;
SharedState* shared;
ThreadState* thread;
void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*);
};
static void ThreadBody(void* v) {
ThreadArg* arg = reinterpret_cast<ThreadArg*>(v);
SharedState* shared = arg->shared;
ThreadState* thread = arg->thread;
{
MutexLock l(&shared->mu);
shared->num_initialized++;
if (shared->num_initialized >= shared->total) {
shared->cv.SignalAll();
}
while (!shared->start) {
shared->cv.Wait();
}
}
thread->stats.Start();
(arg->bm->*(arg->method))(thread);
thread->stats.Stop();
{
MutexLock l(&shared->mu);
shared->num_done++;
if (shared->num_done >= shared->total) {
shared->cv.SignalAll();
}
}
}
void RunBenchmark(int n, Slice name,
void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*)) {
SharedState shared(n);
ThreadArg* arg = new ThreadArg[n];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
arg[i].bm = this;
arg[i].method = method;
arg[i].shared = &shared;
arg[i].thread = new ThreadState(i);
arg[i].thread->shared = &shared;
g_env->StartThread(ThreadBody, &arg[i]);
}
shared.mu.Lock();
while (shared.num_initialized < n) {
shared.cv.Wait();
}
shared.start = true;
shared.cv.SignalAll();
while (shared.num_done < n) {
shared.cv.Wait();
}
shared.mu.Unlock();
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
arg[0].thread->stats.Merge(arg[i].thread->stats);
}
arg[0].thread->stats.Report(name);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
delete arg[i].thread;
}
delete[] arg;
}
void Crc32c(ThreadState* thread) {
// Checksum about 500MB of data total
const int size = 4096;
const char* label = "(4K per op)";
std::string data(size, 'x');
int64_t bytes = 0;
uint32_t crc = 0;
while (bytes < 500 * 1048576) {
crc = crc32c::Value(data.data(), size);
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
bytes += size;
}
// Print so result is not dead
fprintf(stderr, "... crc=0x%x\r", static_cast<unsigned int>(crc));
thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
thread->stats.AddMessage(label);
}
void SnappyCompress(ThreadState* thread) {
RandomGenerator gen;
Slice input = gen.Generate(Options().block_size);
int64_t bytes = 0;
int64_t produced = 0;
bool ok = true;
std::string compressed;
while (ok && bytes < 1024 * 1048576) { // Compress 1G
ok = port::Snappy_Compress(input.data(), input.size(), &compressed);
produced += compressed.size();
bytes += input.size();
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
if (!ok) {
thread->stats.AddMessage("(snappy failure)");
} else {
char buf[100];
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "(output: %.1f%%)",
(produced * 100.0) / bytes);
thread->stats.AddMessage(buf);
thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
}
}
void SnappyUncompress(ThreadState* thread) {
RandomGenerator gen;
Slice input = gen.Generate(Options().block_size);
std::string compressed;
bool ok = port::Snappy_Compress(input.data(), input.size(), &compressed);
int64_t bytes = 0;
char* uncompressed = new char[input.size()];
while (ok && bytes < 1024 * 1048576) { // Compress 1G
ok = port::Snappy_Uncompress(compressed.data(), compressed.size(),
uncompressed);
bytes += input.size();
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
delete[] uncompressed;
if (!ok) {
thread->stats.AddMessage("(snappy failure)");
} else {
thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
}
}
void Open() {
assert(db_ == nullptr);
Options options;
options.env = g_env;
options.create_if_missing = !FLAGS_use_existing_db;
options.block_cache = cache_;
options.write_buffer_size = FLAGS_write_buffer_size;
options.max_file_size = FLAGS_max_file_size;
options.block_size = FLAGS_block_size;
options.max_open_files = FLAGS_open_files;
options.filter_policy = filter_policy_;
options.reuse_logs = FLAGS_reuse_logs;
Status s = DB::Open(options, FLAGS_db, &db_);
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "open error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
exit(1);
}
}
void OpenBench(ThreadState* thread) {
for (int i = 0; i < num_; i++) {
delete db_;
Open();
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
}
void WriteSeq(ThreadState* thread) {
DoWrite(thread, true);
}
void WriteRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
DoWrite(thread, false);
}
void DoWrite(ThreadState* thread, bool seq) {
if (num_ != FLAGS_num) {
char msg[100];
snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d ops)", num_);
thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
}
RandomGenerator gen;
WriteBatch batch;
Status s;
int64_t bytes = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < num_; i += entries_per_batch_) {
batch.Clear();
for (int j = 0; j < entries_per_batch_; j++) {
const int k = seq ? i+j : (thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num);
char key[100];
snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
batch.Put(key, gen.Generate(value_size_));
bytes += value_size_ + strlen(key);
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
s = db_->Write(write_options_, &batch);
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
exit(1);
}
}
thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
}
void ReadSequential(ThreadState* thread) {
Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
int i = 0;
int64_t bytes = 0;
for (iter->SeekToFirst(); i < reads_ && iter->Valid(); iter->Next()) {
bytes += iter->key().size() + iter->value().size();
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
++i;
}
delete iter;
thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
}
void ReadReverse(ThreadState* thread) {
Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
int i = 0;
int64_t bytes = 0;
for (iter->SeekToLast(); i < reads_ && iter->Valid(); iter->Prev()) {
bytes += iter->key().size() + iter->value().size();
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
++i;
}
delete iter;
thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
}
void ReadRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
ReadOptions options;
std::string value;
int found = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
char key[100];
const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
if (db_->Get(options, key, &value).ok()) {
found++;
}
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
char msg[100];
snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d of %d found)", found, num_);
thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
}
void ReadMissing(ThreadState* thread) {
ReadOptions options;
std::string value;
for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
char key[100];
const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d.", k);
db_->Get(options, key, &value);
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
}
void ReadHot(ThreadState* thread) {
ReadOptions options;
std::string value;
const int range = (FLAGS_num + 99) / 100;
for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
char key[100];
const int k = thread->rand.Next() % range;
snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
db_->Get(options, key, &value);
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
}
void SeekRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
ReadOptions options;
int found = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(options);
char key[100];
const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
iter->Seek(key);
if (iter->Valid() && iter->key() == key) found++;
delete iter;
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
char msg[100];
snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d of %d found)", found, num_);
thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
}
void DoDelete(ThreadState* thread, bool seq) {
RandomGenerator gen;
WriteBatch batch;
Status s;
for (int i = 0; i < num_; i += entries_per_batch_) {
batch.Clear();
for (int j = 0; j < entries_per_batch_; j++) {
const int k = seq ? i+j : (thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num);
char key[100];
snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
batch.Delete(key);
thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
}
s = db_->Write(write_options_, &batch);
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "del error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
exit(1);
}
}
}
void DeleteSeq(ThreadState* thread) {
DoDelete(thread, true);
}
void DeleteRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
DoDelete(thread, false);
}
void ReadWhileWriting(ThreadState* thread) {
if (thread->tid > 0) {
ReadRandom(thread);
} else {
// Special thread that keeps writing until other threads are done.
RandomGenerator gen;
while (true) {
{
MutexLock l(&thread->shared->mu);
if (thread->shared->num_done + 1 >= thread->shared->num_initialized) {
// Other threads have finished
break;
}
}
const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
char key[100];
snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
Status s = db_->Put(write_options_, key, gen.Generate(value_size_));
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
exit(1);
}
}
// Do not count any of the preceding work/delay in stats.
thread->stats.Start();
}
}
void Compact(ThreadState* thread) {
db_->CompactRange(nullptr, nullptr);
}
void PrintStats(const char* key) {
std::string stats;
if (!db_->GetProperty(key, &stats)) {
stats = "(failed)";
}
fprintf(stdout, "\n%s\n", stats.c_str());
}
static void WriteToFile(void* arg, const char* buf, int n) {
reinterpret_cast<WritableFile*>(arg)->Append(Slice(buf, n));
}
void HeapProfile() {
char fname[100];
snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "%s/heap-%04d", FLAGS_db, ++heap_counter_);
WritableFile* file;
Status s = g_env->NewWritableFile(fname, &file);
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
bool ok = port::GetHeapProfile(WriteToFile, file);
delete file;
if (!ok) {
fprintf(stderr, "heap profiling not supported\n");
g_env->DeleteFile(fname);
}
}
};
} // namespace leveldb
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
FLAGS_write_buffer_size = leveldb::Options().write_buffer_size;
FLAGS_max_file_size = leveldb::Options().max_file_size;
FLAGS_block_size = leveldb::Options().block_size;
FLAGS_open_files = leveldb::Options().max_open_files;
std::string default_db_path;
for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
double d;
int n;
char junk;
if (leveldb::Slice(argv[i]).starts_with("--benchmarks=")) {
FLAGS_benchmarks = argv[i] + strlen("--benchmarks=");
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--compression_ratio=%lf%c", &d, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_compression_ratio = d;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--histogram=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1 &&
(n == 0 || n == 1)) {
FLAGS_histogram = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--use_existing_db=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1 &&
(n == 0 || n == 1)) {
FLAGS_use_existing_db = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--reuse_logs=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1 &&
(n == 0 || n == 1)) {
FLAGS_reuse_logs = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--num=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_num = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--reads=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_reads = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--threads=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_threads = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--value_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_value_size = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--write_buffer_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_write_buffer_size = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--max_file_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_max_file_size = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--block_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_block_size = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--cache_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_cache_size = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--bloom_bits=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_bloom_bits = n;
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--open_files=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
FLAGS_open_files = n;
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "--db=", 5) == 0) {
FLAGS_db = argv[i] + 5;
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid flag '%s'\n", argv[i]);
exit(1);
}
}
leveldb::g_env = leveldb::Env::Default();
// Choose a location for the test database if none given with --db=<path>
if (FLAGS_db == nullptr) {
leveldb::g_env->GetTestDirectory(&default_db_path);
default_db_path += "/dbbench";
FLAGS_db = default_db_path.c_str();
}
leveldb::Benchmark benchmark;
benchmark.Run();
return 0;
}
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