C-API cleanup: apps, imgproc_c and some constants #25075
Merge with https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/pull/3642
* Removed obsolete apps - traincascade and createsamples (please use older OpenCV versions if you need them). These apps relied heavily on C-API
* removed all mentions of imgproc C-API headers (imgproc_c.h, types_c.h) - they were empty, included core C-API headers
* replaced usage of several C constants with C++ ones (error codes, norm modes, RNG modes, PCA modes, ...) - most part of this PR (split into two parts - all modules and calib+3d - for easier backporting)
* removed imgproc C-API headers (as separate commit, so that other changes could be backported to 4.x)
Most of these changes can be backported to 4.x.
* Added accumulator value to the output of HoughLines and HoughCircles
* imgproc: refactor Hough patch
- eliminate code duplication
- fix type handling, fix OpenCL code
- fix test data generation
- re-generated test data in debug mode via plain CPU code path
- removed tr1 usage (dropped in C++17)
- moved includes of vector/map/iostream/limits into ts.hpp
- require opencv_test + anonymous namespace (added compile check)
- fixed norm() usage (must be from cvtest::norm for checks) and other conflict functions
- added missing license headers
Hough many circles (#10232)
* Add Hui's optimization. Merge with latest changes in OpenCV.
* Use conditional compilation instead of a runtime flag.
* Whitespace.
* Create the sequence for the nonzero edge pixels only if using that approach.
* Improve performance for finding very large numbers of circles
* Return the circles with the larger accumulator values first, as per API documentation.
Use a separate step to check distance between circles. Allows circles to be sorted by strength first. Avoids locking in EstimateRadius which was slowing it down.
Return centers only if maxRadius == 0 as per API documentation.
* Sort the circles so results are deterministic. Otherwise the order of circles with the same strength depends on parallel processing completion order.
* Add test for HoughCircles.
* Add beads test.
* Wrap the non-zero points structure in a common interface so the code can use either a vector or a matrix.
* Remove the special case for skipping the radius search if maxRadius==0.
* Add performance tests.
* Use NULL instead of nullptr.
OpenCV should compile with C++98 compiler.
* Put test suite name first.
Use different test suite names for each test to avoid an error from the test runner.
* Address build bot errors and warnings.
* Skip radius search if maxRadius < 0.
* Dynamically switch to NZPointList when it will be faster than NZPointSet.
* Fix compile error: missing 'typename' prior to dependent type name.
* Fix compile error: missing 'typename' prior to dependent type name.
This time fix it the non C++ 11 way.
* Fix compile error: no type named 'const_reference' in 'class cv::NZPointList'
* Disable ManySmallCircles tests. Failing on Mac.
* Change beads image to JPEG for smaller file size.
Try enabling the ManySmallCircles tests again.
* Remove ManySmallCircles tests. They are failing on the Mac build.
* Fix expectations to check all circles.
* Changing case on a case-insensitive file system
Step 1: remove the old file names
* Changing case on a case-insensitive file system
Step 2: add them back with the new names
* Fix cmpAccum function to be strictly weak ordered.
* Add tests for many small circles.
* imgproc(perf): fix HoughCircles tests
* imgproc(houghCircles): refactor code
- simplify NZPointList
- drop broken (de-synchronization of 'current'/'mi' fields) NZPointSet iterator
- NZPointSet iterator is replaced to direct area scan
- use SIMD intrinsics
- avoid std exceptions (build for embedded systems)
