Added int32, int64 support and type inference to dnn #24411
**Added a type inference to dnn similar to the shape inference, added int32 and int64 support.**
- Added getTypes method for layers that calculates layer outputs types and internals types from inputs types (Similar to getMemoryShapes). By default outputs and internals types = input[0] type
- Added type inference pipeline similar to shape inference pipeline. LayersShapes struct (that is used in shape inference pipeline) now contains both shapes and types
- All layers output blobs are now allocated using the calculated types from the type inference.
- Inputs and constants with int32 and int64 types are not automatically converted into float32 now.
- Added int32 and int64 support for all the layers with indexing and for all the layers required in tests.
Added int32 and int64 support for CUDA:
- Added host<->device data moving for int32 and int64
- Added int32 and int64 support for several layers (just slightly modified CUDA C++ templates)
Passed all the accuracy tests on CPU, OCL, OCL_FP16, CUDA, CUDA_FP16. (except RAFT model)
**CURRENT PROBLEMS**:
- ONNX parser always converts int64 constants and layers attributes to int32, so some models with int64 constants doesn't work (e.g. RAFT). The solution is to disable int64->int32 conversion and fix attributes reading in a lot of ONNX layers parsers (https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/25102)
- I didn't add type inference and int support to VULCAN, so it doesn't work at all now.
- Some layers don't support int yet, so some unknown models may not work.
**CURRENT WORKAROUNDS**:
- CPU arg_layer indides are implemented in int32 followed by a int32->int64 conversion (the master branch has the same workaround with int32->float conversion)
- CPU and OCL pooling_layer indices are implemented in float followed by a float->int64 conversion
- CPU gather_layer indices are implemented in int32, so int64 indices are converted to int32 (the master branch has the same workaround with float->int32 conversion)
**DISABLED TESTS**:
- RAFT model
**REMOVED TESTS**:
- Greater_input_dtype_int64 (because it doesn't fit ONNX rules, the whole test is just comparing float tensor with int constant)
**TODO IN NEXT PULL REQUESTS**:
- Add int64 support for ONNX parser
- Add int support for more layers
- Add int support for OCL (currently int layers just run on CPU)
- Add int tests
- Add int support for other backends
dnn: cleanup of halide backend for 5.x #24231
Merge with https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1092.
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request
- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [x] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [x] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake
Add support for Conv1D on OpenCV backend
* Add support for Conv1D on OpenCV backend
* disable tests on other targets/backends
* Fix formatting
* Restore comment
* Remove unnecessary flag and fix test logic
* Fix perf test
* fix braces
* Fix indentation, assert check and remove unnecessary condition
* Remove unnecessary changes
* Add test cases for variable weights and bias
* dnn(conv): fallback on OpenCV+CPU instead of failures
* coding style
