tesseract/vs2008/include/leptonica/heap.h

74 lines
3.6 KiB
C

/*====================================================================*
- Copyright (C) 2001 Leptonica. All rights reserved.
- This software is distributed in the hope that it will be
- useful, but with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.
- No author or distributor accepts responsibility to anyone for the
- consequences of using this software, or for whether it serves any
- particular purpose or works at all, unless he or she says so in
- writing. Everyone is granted permission to copy, modify and
- redistribute this source code, for commercial or non-commercial
- purposes, with the following restrictions: (1) the origin of this
- source code must not be misrepresented; (2) modified versions must
- be plainly marked as such; and (3) this notice may not be removed
- or altered from any source or modified source distribution.
*====================================================================*/
#ifndef LEPTONICA_HEAP_H
#define LEPTONICA_HEAP_H
/*
* heap.h
*
* Expandable priority queue configured as a heap for arbitrary void* data
*
* The L_Heap is used to implement a priority queue. The elements
* in the heap are ordered in either increasing or decreasing key value.
* The key is a float field 'keyval' that is required to be
* contained in the elements of the queue.
*
* The heap is a simple binary tree with the following constraints:
* - the key of each node is >= the keys of the two children
* - the tree is complete, meaning that each level (1, 2, 4, ...)
* is filled and the last level is filled from left to right
*
* The tree structure is implicit in the queue array, with the
* array elements numbered as a breadth-first search of the tree
* from left to right. It is thus guaranteed that the largest
* (or smallest) key belongs to the first element in the array.
*
* Heap sort is used to sort the array. Once an array has been
* sorted as a heap, it is convenient to use it as a priority queue,
* because the min (or max) elements are always at the root of
* the tree (element 0), and once removed, the heap can be
* resorted in not more than log[n] steps, where n is the number
* of elements on the heap. Likewise, if an arbitrary element is
* added to the end of the array A, the sorted heap can be restored
* in not more than log[n] steps.
*
* A L_Heap differs from a L_Queue in that the elements in the former
* are sorted by a key. Internally, the array is maintained
* as a queue, with a pointer to the end of the array. The
* head of the array always remains at array[0]. The array is
* maintained (sorted) as a heap. When an item is removed from
* the head, the last item takes its place (thus reducing the
* array length by 1), and this is followed by array element
* swaps to restore the heap property. When an item is added,
* it goes at the end of the array, and is swapped up to restore
* the heap. If the ptr array is full, adding another item causes
* the ptr array size to double.
*
* For further implementation details, see heap.c.
*/
struct L_Heap
{
l_int32 nalloc; /* size of allocated ptr array */
l_int32 n; /* number of elements stored in the heap */
void **array; /* ptr array */
l_int32 direction; /* L_SORT_INCREASING or L_SORT_DECREASING */
};
typedef struct L_Heap L_HEAP;
#endif /* LEPTONICA_HEAP_H */