[argumentum] Add new port (#9478)

* [argumentum] Add new port

* Remove testing code from portfile

* Use a new release that respects build_static_libs

- add vcpkg_check_linkage

* Use the new repository name

* Add homepage to control file

* Fix the portfile as suggested in PR #9478

* Disable some platforms as suggested in PR #9478

We will try to fix the build on these platforms in a future release.

* Use release 0.2.2 with fixed header preparation

* (wip) check which platforms are failing

* Reenable all ports for argumentum in ci.baseline

* Fix argumentum version in control file

ports/argumentum/CONTROL

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Source: argumentum
+Version: 0.2.2
+Description: A C++17 command line argument parser inspired by Python argparse
+Homepage: https://github.com/mmahnic/argumentum

ports/argumentum/portfile.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+vcpkg_check_linkage(ONLY_STATIC_LIBRARY)
+
+vcpkg_from_github(
+    OUT_SOURCE_PATH SOURCE_PATH
+    REPO mmahnic/argumentum
+    REF v0.2.2
+    SHA512 750a26d021cdf243479a20d01924007cdca717a53f34e4969d2df6c2c10c2f41a4df4bcd0a9fdf3d75928290d31195fa490fe13d4f2cba391c9dbad48aa98184
+    HEAD_REF master
+)
+
+vcpkg_configure_cmake(
+    SOURCE_PATH ${SOURCE_PATH}
+    PREFER_NINJA
+    OPTIONS
+        -DARGUMENTUM_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF
+        -DARGUMENTUM_BUILD_TESTS=OFF
+)
+
+vcpkg_install_cmake()
+vcpkg_fixup_cmake_targets(CONFIG_PATH lib/cmake/Argumentum)
+
+file(REMOVE_RECURSE ${CURRENT_PACKAGES_DIR}/debug/include)
+
+# Handle copyright
+file(INSTALL ${SOURCE_PATH}/LICENSE
+    DESTINATION ${CURRENT_PACKAGES_DIR}/share/${PORT}
+    RENAME copyright)