diff --git a/cpp/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
index bca86d4c1..52f87aa97 100644
--- a/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ endif()
 
 if(ARROW_WITH_BROTLI)
   # Order is important for static linking
-  set(ARROW_BROTLI_LIBS Brotli::brotlienc Brotli::brotlidec Brotli::brotlicommon)
+  set(ARROW_BROTLI_LIBS unofficial::brotli::brotlienc unofficial::brotli::brotlidec unofficial::brotli::brotlicommon)
   list(APPEND ARROW_LINK_LIBS ${ARROW_BROTLI_LIBS})
   list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_LINK_LIBS ${ARROW_BROTLI_LIBS})
   if(Brotli_SOURCE STREQUAL "SYSTEM")
@@ -825,10 +825,10 @@ if(ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY)
 endif()
 
 if(ARROW_WITH_UTF8PROC)
-  list(APPEND ARROW_LINK_LIBS utf8proc::utf8proc)
-  list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_LINK_LIBS utf8proc::utf8proc)
+  list(APPEND ARROW_LINK_LIBS utf8proc)
+  list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_LINK_LIBS utf8proc)
   if(utf8proc_SOURCE STREQUAL "SYSTEM")
-    list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_INSTALL_INTERFACE_LIBS utf8proc::utf8proc)
+    list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_INSTALL_INTERFACE_LIBS utf8proc)
   endif()
 endif()
 
diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
index 5d1da18b7..9c5adf47d 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ set(ARROW_THIRDPARTY_DEPENDENCIES
     AWSSDK
     benchmark
     Boost
-    Brotli
+    unofficial-brotli
     BZip2
     c-ares
     gflags
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ set(ARROW_THIRDPARTY_DEPENDENCIES
     Substrait
     Thrift
     ucx
-    utf8proc
+    unofficial-utf8proc
     xsimd
     ZLIB
     zstd)
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ foreach(DEPENDENCY ${ARROW_THIRDPARTY_DEPENDENCIES})
 endforeach()
 
 macro(build_dependency DEPENDENCY_NAME)
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "dependencies should never be built in vcpkg")
   if("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "AWSSDK")
     build_awssdk()
   elseif("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "benchmark")
@@ -239,7 +240,7 @@ macro(resolve_dependency DEPENDENCY_NAME)
   endif()
 
   if(ARG_HAVE_ALT)
-    set(PACKAGE_NAME "${DEPENDENCY_NAME}Alt")
+    set(PACKAGE_NAME "${DEPENDENCY_NAME}")
   else()
     set(PACKAGE_NAME ${DEPENDENCY_NAME})
   endif()
@@ -1138,8 +1139,23 @@ if(ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY)
                      TRUE
                      PC_PACKAGE_NAMES
                      snappy)
+  set(Snappy_TARGET "Snappy::snappy")
   if(${Snappy_SOURCE} STREQUAL "SYSTEM" AND NOT snappy_PC_FOUND)
+    get_target_property(SNAPPY_IMPLIB_DEBUG Snappy::snappy IMPORTED_IMPLIB_DEBUG)
+    get_target_property(SNAPPY_LIB_DEBUG Snappy::snappy IMPORTED_LOCATION_DEBUG)
+    get_target_property(SNAPPY_IMPLIB_RELEASE Snappy::snappy IMPORTED_IMPLIB_RELEASE)
+    get_target_property(SNAPPY_LIB_RELEASE Snappy::snappy IMPORTED_LOCATION_RELEASE)
+    if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "DEBUG" AND SNAPPY_IMPLIB_DEBUG)
+      set(SNAPPY_LIB "${SNAPPY_IMPLIB_DEBUG}")
+    elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "DEBUG" AND SNAPPY_LIB_DEBUG)
+      set(SNAPPY_LIB "${SNAPPY_LIB_DEBUG}")
+    elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "RELEASE" AND SNAPPY_IMPLIB_RELEASE)
+      set(SNAPPY_LIB "${SNAPPY_IMPLIB_RELEASE}")
+    elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "RELEASE" AND SNAPPY_LIB_RELEASE)
+      set(SNAPPY_LIB "${SNAPPY_LIB_RELEASE}")
+    else()
     get_target_property(SNAPPY_TYPE ${Snappy_TARGET} TYPE)
+    endif()
     if(NOT SNAPPY_TYPE STREQUAL "INTERFACE_LIBRARY")
       get_target_property(SNAPPY_LIB ${Snappy_TARGET}
                           IMPORTED_LOCATION_${UPPERCASE_BUILD_TYPE})
@@ -1214,7 +1230,8 @@ macro(build_brotli)
 endmacro()
 
 if(ARROW_WITH_BROTLI)
-  resolve_dependency(Brotli PC_PACKAGE_NAMES libbrotlidec libbrotlienc)
+  set(Brotli_SOURCE SYSTEM)
+  resolve_dependency(unofficial-brotli USE_CONFIG TRUE PC_PACKAGE_NAMES libbrotlidec libbrotlienc)
 endif()
 
 if(PARQUET_REQUIRE_ENCRYPTION AND NOT ARROW_PARQUET)
@@ -1646,7 +1663,8 @@ if(ARROW_WITH_PROTOBUF)
                      ${ARROW_PROTOBUF_REQUIRED_VERSION}
                      PC_PACKAGE_NAMES
                      protobuf)
-
+  get_target_property(PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIR protobuf::libprotobuf
+                      INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
   if(NOT Protobuf_USE_STATIC_LIBS AND MSVC_TOOLCHAIN)
     add_definitions(-DPROTOBUF_USE_DLLS)
   endif()
@@ -2599,9 +2617,7 @@ macro(build_utf8proc)
 endmacro()
 
 if(ARROW_WITH_UTF8PROC)
-  resolve_dependency(utf8proc
-                     REQUIRED_VERSION
-                     "2.2.0"
+  resolve_dependency(unofficial-utf8proc
                      PC_PACKAGE_NAMES
                      libutf8proc)
   add_definitions(-DARROW_WITH_UTF8PROC)