diff --git a/cmake/helpers/CheckDependentLibraries.cmake b/cmake/helpers/CheckDependentLibraries.cmake
index 9568ef043e..94617e3ac9 100644
--- a/cmake/helpers/CheckDependentLibraries.cmake
+++ b/cmake/helpers/CheckDependentLibraries.cmake
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ if (GDAL_USE_JPEG AND (JPEG_LIBRARY MATCHES ".*turbojpeg\.(so|lib)"))
       "JPEG_LIBRARY should point to a library with libjpeg ABI, not TurboJPEG. See https://libjpeg-turbo.org/About/TurboJPEG for the difference"
     )
 endif ()
-if (TARGET JPEG::JPEG)
+if (GDAL_USE_JPEG AND TARGET JPEG::JPEG)
   set(EXPECTED_JPEG_LIB_VERSION "" CACHE STRING "Expected libjpeg version number")
   mark_as_advanced(GDAL_CHECK_PACKAGE_${name}_NAMES)
   if (EXPECTED_JPEG_LIB_VERSION)