mirror of
https://github.com/ant-design/ant-design.git
synced 2024-12-22 22:48:29 +08:00
338 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
338 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
---
|
||
group:
|
||
title: 进阶使用
|
||
order: 2
|
||
title: 服务端渲染
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
服务端渲染样式有两种方案，它们各有优缺点：
|
||
|
||
- **内联样式**：在渲染时无需额外请求样式文件，好处是减少额外的网络请求，缺点则是会使得 HTML 体积增大，影响首屏渲染速度，相关讨论参考：[#39891](https://github.com/ant-design/ant-design/issues/39891)
|
||
- **整体导出**：提前烘焙 antd 组件样式为 css 文件，在页面中时引入。好处是打开任意页面时如传统 css 方案一样都会复用同一套 css 文件以命中缓存，缺点是如果页面中存在多主题，则需要额外进行烘焙
|
||
|
||
## 内联样式
|
||
|
||
使用 `@ant-design/cssinjs` 将所需样式抽离：
|
||
|
||
```tsx
|
||
import React from 'react';
|
||
import { createCache, extractStyle, StyleProvider } from '@ant-design/cssinjs';
|
||
import type Entity from '@ant-design/cssinjs/es/Cache';
|
||
import { renderToString } from 'react-dom/server';
|
||
|
||
const App = () => {
|
||
// SSR Render
|
||
const cache = React.useMemo<Entity>(() => createCache(), []);
|
||
const html = renderToString(
|
||
<StyleProvider cache={cache}>
|
||
<MyApp />
|
||
</StyleProvider>,
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
// Grab style from cache
|
||
const styleText = extractStyle(cache);
|
||
|
||
// Mix with style
|
||
return `
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html>
|
||
<head>
|
||
${styleText}
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<div id="root">${html}</div>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
`;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
export default App;
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 整体导出
|
||
|
||
如果你想要将样式文件抽离到 css 文件中，可以尝试使用以下方案：
|
||
|
||
1. 安装依赖
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
npm install ts-node tslib cross-env --save-dev
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
2. 新增 `tsconfig.node.json` 文件
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
{
|
||
"compilerOptions": {
|
||
"strictNullChecks": true,
|
||
"module": "NodeNext",
|
||
"jsx": "react",
|
||
"esModuleInterop": true
|
||
},
|
||
"include": ["next-env.d.ts", "**/*.ts", "**/*.tsx"]
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
3. 新增 `scripts/genAntdCss.tsx` 文件
|
||
|
||
```tsx
|
||
// scripts/genAntdCss.tsx
|
||
import fs from 'fs';
|
||
import { extractStyle } from '@ant-design/static-style-extract';
|
||
|
||
const outputPath = './public/antd.min.css';
|
||
|
||
const css = extractStyle();
|
||
|
||
fs.writeFileSync(outputPath, css);
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
若你想使用混合主题或自定义主题，可采用以下脚本：
|
||
|
||
```tsx
|
||
import fs from 'fs';
|
||
import React from 'react';
|
||
import { extractStyle } from '@ant-design/static-style-extract';
|
||
import { ConfigProvider } from 'antd';
|
||
|
||
const outputPath = './public/antd.min.css';
|
||
|
||
const testGreenColor = '#008000';
|
||
const testRedColor = '#ff0000';
|
||
|
||
const css = extractStyle((node) => (
|
||
<>
|
||
<ConfigProvider
|
||
theme={{
|
||
token: {
|
||
colorBgBase: testGreenColor,
|
||
},
|
||
}}
|
||
>
|
||
{node}
|
||
</ConfigProvider>
|
||
<ConfigProvider
|
||
theme={{
|
||
token: {
|
||
colorPrimary: testGreenColor,
|
||
},
|
||
}}
|
||
>
|
||
<ConfigProvider
|
||
theme={{
|
||
token: {
|
||
colorBgBase: testRedColor,
|
||
},
|
||
}}
|
||
>
|
||
{node}
|
||
</ConfigProvider>
|
||
</ConfigProvider>
|
||
</>
|
||
));
|
||
|
||
fs.writeFileSync(outputPath, css);
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
你可以选择在启动开发命令或编译前执行这个脚本，运行上述脚本将会在当前项目的指定（如： public 目录）目录下直接生成一个全量的 antd.min.css 文件。
|
||
|
||
以 Next.js 为例（[参考示例](https://github.com/ant-design/ant-design-examples/tree/main/examples/with-nextjs-inline-style)）：
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
// package.json
|
||
{
|
||
"scripts": {
|
||
"dev": "next dev",
|
||
"build": "next build",
|
||
"start": "next start",
|
||
"lint": "next lint",
|
||
"predev": "ts-node --project ./tsconfig.node.json ./scripts/genAntdCss.tsx",
|
||
"prebuild": "cross-env NODE_ENV=production ts-node --project ./tsconfig.node.json ./scripts/genAntdCss.tsx"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
然后，你只需要在`pages/_app.tsx`文件中引入这个文件即可：
|
||
|
||
```tsx
|
||
import { StyleProvider } from '@ant-design/cssinjs';
|
||
import type { AppProps } from 'next/app';
|
||
|
||
import '../public/antd.min.css'; // 添加这行
|
||
import '../styles/globals.css';
|
||
|
||
export default function App({ Component, pageProps }: AppProps) {
|
||
return (
|
||
<StyleProvider hashPriority="high">
|
||
<Component {...pageProps} />
|
||
</StyleProvider>
|
||
);
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 自定义主题
|
||
|
||
如果你的项目中使用了自定义主题，可以尝试通过以下方式进行烘焙：
|
||
|
||
```tsx
|
||
import { extractStyle } from '@ant-design/static-style-extract';
|
||
import { ConfigProvider } from 'antd';
|
||
|
||
const cssText = extractStyle((node) => (
|
||
<ConfigProvider
|
||
theme={{
|
||
token: {
|
||
colorPrimary: 'red',
|
||
},
|
||
}}
|
||
>
|
||
{node}
|
||
</ConfigProvider>
|
||
));
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 混合主题
|
||
|
||
如果你的项目中使用了混合主题，可以尝试通过以下方式进行烘焙：
|
||
|
||
```tsx
|
||
import { extractStyle } from '@ant-design/static-style-extract';
|
||
import { ConfigProvider } from 'antd';
|
||
|
||
const cssText = extractStyle((node) => (
|
||
<>
|
||
<ConfigProvider
|
||
theme={{
|
||
token: {
|
||
colorBgBase: 'green ',
|
||
},
|
||
}}
|
||
>
|
||
{node}
|
||
</ConfigProvider>
|
||
<ConfigProvider
|
||
theme={{
|
||
token: {
|
||
colorPrimary: 'blue',
|
||
},
|
||
}}
|
||
>
|
||
<ConfigProvider
|
||
theme={{
|
||
token: {
|
||
colorBgBase: 'red ',
|
||
},
|
||
}}
|
||
>
|
||
{node}
|
||
</ConfigProvider>
|
||
</ConfigProvider>
|
||
</>
|
||
));
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
更多`static-style-extract`的实现细节请看：[static-style-extract](https://github.com/ant-design/static-style-extract)。
|
||
|
||
## 按需抽取
|
||
|
||
```tsx
|
||
// scripts/genAntdCss.tsx
|
||
import { createHash } from 'crypto';
|
||
import fs from 'fs';
|
||
import path from 'path';
|
||
import { extractStyle } from '@ant-design/cssinjs';
|
||
import type Entity from '@ant-design/cssinjs/lib/Cache';
|
||
|
||
export type DoExtraStyleOptions = {
|
||
cache: Entity;
|
||
dir?: string;
|
||
baseFileName?: string;
|
||
};
|
||
export function doExtraStyle({
|
||
cache,
|
||
dir = 'antd-output',
|
||
baseFileName = 'antd.min',
|
||
}: DoExtraStyleOptions) {
|
||
const baseDir = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../static/css');
|
||
|
||
const outputCssPath = path.join(baseDir, dir);
|
||
|
||
if (!fs.existsSync(outputCssPath)) {
|
||
fs.mkdirSync(outputCssPath, { recursive: true });
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
const css = extractStyle(cache, true);
|
||
if (!css) return '';
|
||
|
||
const md5 = createHash('md5');
|
||
const hash = md5.update(css).digest('hex');
|
||
const fileName = `${baseFileName}.${hash.substring(0, 8)}.css`;
|
||
const fullpath = path.join(outputCssPath, fileName);
|
||
|
||
const res = `_next/static/css/${dir}/${fileName}`;
|
||
|
||
if (fs.existsSync(fullpath)) return res;
|
||
|
||
fs.writeFileSync(fullpath, css);
|
||
|
||
return res;
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
在 `_document.tsx` 中使用上述工具进行按需导出：
|
||
|
||
```tsx
|
||
// _document.tsx
|
||
import { createCache, StyleProvider } from '@ant-design/cssinjs';
|
||
import type { DocumentContext } from 'next/document';
|
||
import Document, { Head, Html, Main, NextScript } from 'next/document';
|
||
|
||
import { doExtraStyle } from '../scripts/genAntdCss';
|
||
|
||
export default class MyDocument extends Document {
|
||
static async getInitialProps(ctx: DocumentContext) {
|
||
const cache = createCache();
|
||
let fileName = '';
|
||
const originalRenderPage = ctx.renderPage;
|
||
ctx.renderPage = () =>
|
||
originalRenderPage({
|
||
enhanceApp: (App) => (props) => (
|
||
<StyleProvider cache={cache}>
|
||
<App {...props} />
|
||
</StyleProvider>
|
||
),
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
const initialProps = await Document.getInitialProps(ctx);
|
||
// 1.1 extract style which had been used
|
||
fileName = doExtraStyle({
|
||
cache,
|
||
});
|
||
return {
|
||
...initialProps,
|
||
styles: (
|
||
<>
|
||
{initialProps.styles}
|
||
{/* 1.2 inject css */}
|
||
{fileName && <link rel="stylesheet" href={`/${fileName}`} />}
|
||
</>
|
||
),
|
||
};
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
render() {
|
||
return (
|
||
<Html lang="en">
|
||
<Head />
|
||
<body>
|
||
<Main />
|
||
<NextScript />
|
||
</body>
|
||
</Html>
|
||
);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
演示示例请看：[按需抽取样式示例](https://github.com/ant-design/ant-design-examples/tree/main/examples/with-nextjs-generate-css-on-demand)
|