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116 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
116 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: getContainer 的一些变化
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date: 2022-12-08
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author: zombieJ
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zhihu_url: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/606878571
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yuque_url: https://www.yuque.com/ant-design/ant-design/eegn0tn5fy94uwk8
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---
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在网页开发中,我们时常会遇到弹出元素的需求,比如 Select 的下拉框、或者是 Modal 组件。直接将其渲染到当前节点下时,可能会被父节点的 `overflow: hidden` 裁剪掉:
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<img alt="Overflow" height="200" src="https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/huamei_7uahnr/afts/img/A*Noh-TYJ0BdcAAAAAAAAAAAAADrJ8AQ/original" />
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因而在 Ant Design 中,我们默认将其渲染到 `body` 下,但是这又会带来新的问题。由于不在同一个容器下,当用户滚动屏幕时会发现弹出层并未跟随滚动:
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<img alt="Scroll" height="370" src="https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/huamei_7uahnr/afts/img/A*d44KQqkTX90AAAAAAAAAAAAADrJ8AQ/original" />
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为了解决这个问题,我们提供了 `getContainer` 属性,让用户可以自定义渲染的容器。`getContainer` 方法会在组件挂载时调用,返回一个容器节点,组件会通过 `createPortal` 渲染到这个节点下。
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```tsx
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// Fake Code. Just for Demo
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const PopupWrapper = () => {
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const eleRef = React.useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
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React.useEffect(() => {
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// It's much complex with timing in real world. You can view the source for more detail:
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// https://github.com/react-component/portal/blob/master/src/Portal.tsx
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const container: HTMLElement = getContainer(eleRef.current);
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// ...
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}, []);
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return (
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<div ref={eleRef}>
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{...}
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</div>
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);
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}
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```
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```tsx
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// Fake Code. Just for Demo
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const defaultGetContainer = () => {
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const div = document.createElement('div');
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document.body.appendChild(div);
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return div;
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};
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const SomeComponent = ({ getContainer = defaultGetContainer }) => (
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<PopupWrapper getContainer={getContainer} />
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);
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```
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我们暂时不关注 `getContainer` 需要动态切换挂载节点的需求(其实在过去很长时间它的确也无法切换),仅仅从 React 18 看,它遇到了一些问题。
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## React 18 Concurrent Mode
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React 18 中,effect 可能会多次触发。为了防止不经意间破坏开发者的行为,在 [StrictMode](https://reactjs.org/docs/strict-mode.html) 下它也做了相应的调整:
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> - React mounts the component.
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> - Layout effects are created.
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> - Effect effects are created.
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> - React simulates effects being destroyed on a mounted component.
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> - Layout effects are destroyed.
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> - Effects are destroyed.
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> - React simulates effects being re-created on a mounted component.
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> - Layout effects are created
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> - Effect setup code runs
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简单理解就是 StrictMode 下,即便你的 deps 里是空对象,effect 仍然会多次触发。在切换为 React 18 StrictMode 的时候,我们会发现在 HTML 中会成对出现挂载节点,同时前一个是空的:
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```html
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<body>
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<div id="root">...</div>
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<!-- Empty -->
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<div className="sample-holder"></div>
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<!-- Real in use -->
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<div className="sample-holder">
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<div className="ant-component-wrapper">...</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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```
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因而我们调整了调用实现,默认的 `getContainer` 也通过 state 进行管理,确保在 StrictMode 下会清理前一个 effect 生成的节点:
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```tsx
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// Fake Code. Just for Demo
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const SomeComponent = ({ getContainer }) => {
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const [myContainer, setMyContainer] = React.useState<HTMLElement | null>(null);
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React.useEffect(() => {
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if (getContainer) {
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setMyContainer(getContainer());
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return;
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}
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const div = document.createElement('div');
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document.body.appendChild(div);
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setMyContainer(div);
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return () => {
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document.body.removeChild(div);
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};
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}, [getContainer]);
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return <PopupWrapper getContainer={() => myContainer} />;
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};
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```
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将 `getContainer` 放入 effect 管理后,我们可以更符合 React 生命周期的方式去管理节点,同时也可以在 `getContainer` 变化时进行清理。从而支持动态改变 `getContainer` 的场景(虽然我个人比较怀疑这种使用场景的普遍性)。
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## 最后
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由于修复了 `getContainer` 不支持动态改变的问题,它也引入了一个潜在的 breaking change。开发者如果自定义 `getContainer` 每次都是创建新的 DOM 节点时,它就会因为 effect 不断执行,导致节点不断创建而死循环。如果你使用了这种方式并且遇到了问题,需要注意检查。
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