ant-design/components/form/index.en-US.md

---
category: Components
type: Data Entry
cols: 1
title: Form
---

High performance Form component with data scope management. Including data collection, verification, and styles.

## When to use

- When you need to create an instance or collect information.
- When you need to validate fields in certain rules.

## API

### Form

| Property | Description | Type | Default |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| component | Set the Form rendering element. Do not create a DOM node for `false` | ComponentType \| false | form |
| colon | Configure the default value of `colon` for Form.Item. Indicates whether the colon after the label is displayed (only effective when prop layout is horizontal) | boolean | true |
| fields | Control of form fields through state management (such as redux). Not recommended for non-strong demand. View [example](#components-form-demo-global-state) | [FieldData](#FieldData)\[] | - |
| form | Form control instance created by `Form.useForm()`. Automatically created when not provided | [FormInstance](#FormInstance) | - |
| hideRequiredMark | Hide required mark for all form items | boolean | false |
| initialValues | Set value by Form initialization or reset | object | - |
| labelAlign | text align of label of all items | `left` \| `right` | `right` |
| labelCol | label layout, like `<Col>` component. Set `span` `offset` value like `{span: 3, offset: 12}` or `sm: {span: 3, offset: 12}` | [object](/components/grid/#Col) | - |
| layout | Form layout | `horizontal` \| `vertical` \| `inline` | `horizontal` |
| name | Form name. Will be the prefix of Field `id` | string | - |
| scrollToFirstError | Auto scroll to first failed field when submit | false | - |
| size | Set field component size (antd components only) | `small` \| `middle` \| `large` | - |
| validateMessages | Validation prompt template, description [see below](#validateMessages) | [ValidateMessages](https://github.com/react-component/field-form/blob/master/src/utils/messages.ts) | - |
| wrapperCol | The layout for input controls, same as `labelCol` | [object](/components/grid/#Col) | - |
| onFinish | Trigger after submitting the form and verifying data successfully | Function(values) | - |
| onFinishFailed | Trigger after submitting the form and verifying data failed | Function({ values, errorFields, outOfDate }) | - |
| onFieldsChange | Trigger when field updated | Function(changedFields, allFields) | - |
| onValuesChange | Trigger when value updated | Function(changedValues, allValues) | - |

### validateMessages

Form provides [default verification error messages](https://github.com/react-component/field-form/blob/master/src/utils/messages.ts). You can modify the template by configuring `validateMessages` property. A common usage is to configure localization:

```jsx
const validateMessages = {
  required: "'${name}' is required!",
  // ...
};

<Form validateMessages={validateMessages} />;
```

Besides, [ConfigProvider](/components/config-provider/) also provides a global configuration scheme that allows for uniform configuration error notification templates:

```jsx
const validateMessages = {
  required: "'${name}' is Required!",
  // ...
};

<ConfigProvider form={{ validateMessages }}>
  <Form />
</ConfigProvider>;
```

## Form.Item

Form field component for data bidirectional binding, validation, layout, and so on.

| Property | Description | Type | Default | Version |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| colon | Used with `label`, whether to display `:` after label text. | boolean | true |  |
| dependencies | Set the dependency field. See [below](#dependencies) | [NamePath](#NamePath)[] | - |  |
| extra | The extra prompt message. It is similar to help. Usage example: to display error message and prompt message at the same time | string\|ReactNode | - |  |
| getValueFromEvent | Specify how to get value from event or other onChange arguments | (..args: any[]) => any | - |  |
| getValueProps | Additional props with sub component | (value: any) => any | - | 4.2.0 |
| hasFeedback | Used with `validateStatus`, this option specifies the validation status icon. Recommended to be used only with `Input` | boolean | false |  |
| help | The prompt message. If not provided, the prompt message will be generated by the validation rule. | string\|ReactNode | - |  |
| htmlFor | Set sub label `htmlFor` | string | - |  |
| initialValue | Config sub default value. Form `initialValues` get higher priority when conflict | string | - | 4.2.0 |
| noStyle | No style for `true`, used as a pure field control | boolean | false |  |
| label | Label text | string\|ReactNode | - |  |
| labelAlign | text align of label | `left` \| `right` | `right` |  |
| labelCol | The layout of label. You can set `span` `offset` to something like `{span: 3, offset: 12}` or `sm: {span: 3, offset: 12}` same as with `<Col>`. You can set `labelCol` on Form. If both exists, use Item first | [object](/components/grid/#Col) | - |  |
| name | Field name, support array | [NamePath](#NamePath) | - |  |
| normalize | Normalize value from component value before passing to Form instance | (value, prevValue, prevValues) => any | - |  |
| required | Display required style. It will be generated by the validation rule | boolean | false |  |
| rules | Rules for field validation. Click [here](#components-form-demo-basic) to see an example | [Rule](#Rule)[] | - |  |
| shouldUpdate | Custom field update logic. See [below](#shouldUpdate) | boolean \| (prevValue, curValue) => boolean | false |  |
| trigger | When to collect the value of children node | string | onChange |  |
| validateFirst | Whether stop validate on first rule of error for this field | boolean | false |  |
| validateStatus | The validation status. If not provided, it will be generated by validation rule. options: 'success' 'warning' 'error' 'validating' | string | - |  |
| validateTrigger | When to validate the value of children node | string \| string[] | onChange |  |
| valuePropName | Props of children node, for example, the prop of Switch is 'checked'. This prop is an encapsulation of `getValueProps`, which will be invalid after customizing `getValueProps` | string | 'value' |  |
| wrapperCol | The layout for input controls, same as `labelCol`. You can set `wrapperCol` on Form. If both exists, use Item first | [object](/components/grid/#Col) | - |  |

After wrapped by `Form.Item` with `name` property, `value`(or other property defined by `valuePropName`) `onChange`(or other property defined by `trigger`) props will be added to form controls, the flow of form data will be handled by Form which will cause:

1. You shouldn't use `onChange` on each form control to **collect data**(use `onValuesChange` of Form), but you can still listen to `onChange`.
2. You cannot set value for each form control via `value` or `defaultValue` prop, you should set default value with `initialValues` of Form. Note that `initialValues` cannot be updated by `setState` dynamiclly, you should use `setFieldsValue` in that situation.
3. You shouldn't call `setState` manually, please use `form.setFieldsValue` to change value programmatically.

### dependencies

Used when there are dependencies between fields. If a field has the `dependencies` prop, this field will automatically trigger updates and validations when upstream is updated. A common scenario is a user registration form with "password" and "confirm password" fields. The "Confirm Password" validation depends on the "Password" field. After setting `dependencies`, the "Password" field update will re-trigger the validation of "Check Password". You can refer [examples](#components-form-demo-register).

### shouldUpdate

Form updates only the modified field-related components for performance optimization purposes by incremental update. In most cases, you only need to write code or do validation with the [`dependencies`](#dependencies) property. In some specific cases, such as when a new field option appears with a filed value changed, or you just want to keep some area updating by form update, you can modify the update logic of Form.Item via the `shouldUpdate`.

When `shouldUpdate` is `true`, any Form update will cause the Form.Item to be re-rendered. This is very helpful for custom rendering some areas:

```jsx
<Form.Item shouldUpdate>
  {() => {
    return <pre>{JSON.stringify(form.getFieldsValue(), null, 2)}</pre>;
  }}
</Form.Item>
```

You can ref [example](#components-form-demo-horizontal-login) to see detail.

When `shouldUpdate` is a function, it will be called by form values update. Providing original values and current value to compare. This is very helpful for rendering additional fields based on values:

```jsx
<Form.Item shouldUpdate={(prevValues, curValues) => prevValues.additional !== curValues.additional}>
  {() => {
    return (
      <Form.Item name="other">
        <Input />
      </Form.Item>
    );
  }}
</Form.Item>
```

You can ref [example](#components-form-demo-control-hooks) to see detail.

## Form.List

Provides array management for fields.

| Property | Description | Type | Default |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| name | Field name, support array | [NamePath](#NamePath) | - |
| children | Render function | (fields: Field[], operation: { add, remove, move }) => React.ReactNode | - |

```tsx
<Form.List>
  {fields => (
    <div>
      {fields.map(field => (
        <Form.Item {...field}>
          <Input />
        </Form.Item>
      ))}
    </div>
  )}
</Form.List>
```

## Form.Provider

Provide linkage between forms. If a sub form with `name` prop update, it will auto trigger Provider related events. See [example](#components-form-demo-form-context).

| Property | Description | Type | Default |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| onFormChange | Triggered when a sub form field updates | Function(formName: string, info: { changedFields, forms }) | - |
| onFormFinish | Triggered when a sub form submits | Function(formName: string, info: { values, forms }) | - |

```jsx
<Form.Provider
  onFormFinish={name => {
    if (name === 'form1') {
      // Do something...
    }
  }}
>
  <Form name="form1">...</Form>
  <Form name="form2">...</Form>
</Form.Provider>
```

### FormInstance

| Name | Description | Type |
| --- | --- | --- |
| getFieldValue | Get the value by the field name | (name: [NamePath](#NamePath)) => any |
| getFieldsValue | Get values by a set of field names. Return according to the corresponding structure | (nameList?: [NamePath](#NamePath)[], filterFunc?: (meta: { touched: boolean, validating: boolean }) => boolean) => any |
| getFieldError | Get the error messages by the field name | (name: [NamePath](#NamePath)) => string[] |
| getFieldsError | Get the error messages by the fields name. Return as an array | (nameList?: [NamePath](#NamePath)[]) => FieldError[] |
| isFieldTouched | Check if a field has been operated | (name: [NamePath](#NamePath)) => boolean |
| isFieldsTouched | Check if fields have been operated. Check if all fields is touched when `allTouched` is `true` | (nameList?: [NamePath](#NamePath)[], allTouched?: boolean) => boolean |
| isFieldValidating | Check fields if is in validating | (name: [NamePath](#NamePath)) => boolean |
| resetFields | Reset fields to `initialValues` | (fields?: [NamePath](#NamePath)[]) => void |
| scrollToField | Scroll to field position | (name: [NamePath](#NamePath), options: [[ScrollOptions](https://github.com/stipsan/scroll-into-view-if-needed/blob/ece40bd9143f48caf4b99503425ecb16b0ad8249/src/types.ts#L10)]) => void |
| setFields | Set fields status | (fields: [FieldData](#FieldData)[]) => void |
| setFieldsValue | Set fields value | (values) => void |
| submit | Submit the form. It's same as click `submit` button | () => void |
| validateFields | Validate fields | (nameList?: [NamePath](#NamePath)[]) => Promise |

#### validateFields return sample

```jsx
validateFields()
  .then(values => {
    /*
  values:
    {
      username: 'username',
      password: 'password',
    }
  */
  })
  .catch(errorInfo => {
    /*
    errorInfo:
      {
        values: {
          username: 'username',
          password: 'password',
        },
        errorFields: [
          { password: ['username'], errors: ['Please input your Password!'] },
        ],
        outOfDate: false,
      }
    */
  });
```

### Interface

#### NamePath

`string | number | (string | number)[]`

#### FieldData

| Name       | Description              | Type                    |
| ---------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------- |
| touched    | Whether is operated      | boolean                 |
| validating | Whether is in validating | boolean                 |
| errors     | Error messages           | string[]                |
| name       | Field name path          | [NamePath](#NamePath)[] |
| value      | Field value              | any                     |

#### Rule

Rule support config object, and also support function to get config object:

```tsx
type Rule = RuleConfig | ((form: FormInstance) => RuleConfig);
```

| Name | Description | Type |
| --- | --- | --- |
| enum | Match enum value | any[] |
| len | Length of string, number, array | number |
| max | Max length of string, number, array | number |
| message | Error message. Will auto generate by [template](#validateMessages) if not provided | string |
| min | Min length of string, number, array | number |
| pattern | Regex pattern | RegExp |
| required | Required field | boolean |
| transform | Transform value to the rule before validation | (value) => any |
| type | Normally `string` \|`number` \|`boolean` \|`url` \| `email`. More type to ref [here](https://github.com/yiminghe/async-validator#type) | string |
| validator | Customize validation rule. Accept Promise as return. [example](#components-form-demo-register)参考 | ([rule](#Rule), value) => Promise |
| whitespace | Failed if only has whitespace | boolean |
| validateTrigger | Set validate trigger event. Must be the sub set of `validateTrigger` in Form.Item | string \| string[] |

## Migrate to v4

If you are a user of v3, you can ref [migrate doc](/components/form/v3)。

<style>
.code-box-demo .ant-form:not(.ant-form-inline):not(.ant-form-vertical) {
  max-width: 600px;
}
.markdown.api-container table td:nth-of-type(4) {
  white-space: nowrap;
  word-wrap: break-word;
}
</style>

## FAQ

### Custom validator not working

It may be caused by your `validator` if it has some errors that prevents `callback` to be called. You can use `async` instead or use `try...catch` to catch the error:

```jsx
validator: async (rule, value) => {
  throw new Error('Something wrong!');
}

// or

validator(rule, value, callback) => {
  try {
    throw new Error('Something wrong!');
  } catch (err) {
    callback(err);
  }
}
```

### Why is there a form warning when used in Modal?

> Warning: Instance created by `useForm` is not connect to any Form element. Forget to pass `form` prop?

Before Modal open, children elements do not exist in the view. You can set `forceRender` on Modal to pre-render its children. Click [here](https://codesandbox.io/s/antd-reproduction-template-ibu5c) to view an example.

### Why component `defaultValue` not working when inside Form.Item?

Components inside Form.Item with name property will turn into controlled mode, that makes `defaultValue` does not work anymore. Please try `initialValues` of Form to set default value.

### Why `resetFields` will re-mount component?

`resetFields` will re-mount component under Field to clean up customize component side effect(like asyn data, cached state, etc.). It's by design.

### Difference between Form initialValues and Item initialValue?

In most case, we always recommend to use Form `initialValues`. Use Item `initialValue` only when dynamic field usage. Priority follow the rules:

1. Form `initialValues` is the first priority
2. Field `initialValue` is secondary \*. Not work when multiple Item with same `name` setting the `initialValue`

### Why `onFieldsChange` trigger three times on change when field set `rules`?

Validating is also part of the value updating. It pass follow steps:

1. Trigger value change
2. Rule validating
3. Rule validated

In each `onFieldsChange`, you will get `false` > `true` > `false` with `isFieldValidating`.

<style>
  .site-form-item-icon {
    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  }
  [data-theme="dark"] .site-form-item-icon {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,.3);
  }
</style>