- Updated the documentation of the putText function to clarify the behavior of the fontScale parameter.
- Explained how fontScale affects text rendering: magnifying (>1), minimizing (<1), and mirroring (<0).
Fix rotated aruco marker board generation #26753
### Issue : [25884](https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/25884)
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Bug fix for #25546 - Updating inliers for homography estimation #26742Fixes#25546
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Fix bugs in GIF decoding #26738
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
this is related to #25691
i solved two bugs here:
1. the decoding setting:
according to [https://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt](https://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt)
```
DEFERRED CLEAR CODE IN LZW COMPRESSION
There has been confusion about where clear codes can be found in the
data stream. As the specification says, they may appear at anytime. There
is not a requirement to send a clear code when the string table is full.
It is the encoder's decision as to when the table should be cleared. When
the table is full, the encoder can chose to use the table as is, making no
changes to it until the encoder chooses to clear it. The encoder during
this time sends out codes that are of the maximum Code Size.
As we can see from the above, when the decoder's table is full, it must
not change the table until a clear code is received. The Code Size is that
of the maximum Code Size. Processing other than this is done normally.
Because of a large base of decoders that do not handle the decompression in
this manner, we ask developers of GIF encoding software to NOT implement
this feature until at least January 1991 and later if they see that their
particular market is not ready for it. This will give developers of GIF
decoding software time to implement this feature and to get it into the
hands of their clients before the decoders start "breaking" on the new
GIF's. It is not required that encoders change their software to take
advantage of the deferred clear code, but it is for decoders.
```
at first i didn't consider this case, thus leads to a bug discussed in #25691. the changes made in function lzwDecode() is aiming at solving this.
2. the fetch method of loopCount:
in the codes at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/blob/4.x/modules/imgcodecs/src/grfmt_gif.cpp#L410, if the branch is taken, 3 more bytes will be taken, leading to unpredictable behavior.
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Improved dumpVector, cv::Rect operator<< and exceptions #26602
- Applied format for vector element formatting to ensure consistent and clear output representation.
- Moved `operator<<` to the `cv` namespace to align with OpenCV's coding standards and improve maintainability.
- Enhanced error handling by including detailed exception messages using `e.what()` for better debugging.
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Ensure Obj-C header files are generated correctly if under /private/var #26713Fix#26712
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Add more boundary checks. #26739
Also fix a bug in read_chunk where we could end up with png_get_uint_32(len) + 12 < 4
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Feature: weighted Hough Transform #21407
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Fix for png durations and memory leak #26714
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AndroidMediaNdkVideoWriter pixel format enhancement #26698
* videoio(Android): Add source pixel formats RGBA and GRAY to AndroidMediaNdkVideoWriter
Let AndroidMediaNdkVideoWriter::write() deduce source pixel format from matrix type:
CV_8UC3 -> BGR (as before)
CV_8UC4 -> RGBA (use in conjunction with CvCameraViewFrame)
CV_8UC1 -> GRAY
* samples/android/video-recorder: Send images to VideoWriter in RGBA format
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Fix leaks in cv::PngDecoder #26701
Bug: oss-fuzz:386688709
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Animated PNG Support #25715
Continues https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/25608
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AndroidMediaNdkCapture pixel format enhancement #26656
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Open VideoCapture from data stream #25584
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
Add VideoCapture option to read a raw binary video data from `std::streambuf`.
There are multiple motivations:
1. Avoid disk file creation in case of video already in memory (received by network or from database).
2. Streaming mode. Frames decoding starts during sequential file transfer by chunks.
Suppoted backends:
* FFmpeg
* MSMF (no streaming mode)
Supporter interfaces:
* C++ (std::streambuf)
* Python (io.BufferedIOBase)
resolves https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/24400
- [x] test h264
- [x] test IP camera like approach with no metadata but key frame only?
- [x] C API plugin
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Use size_t when calculating size of all_points #26650Closes: #26642
Asan log
```
=================================================================
==41401==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x7fc55a02a3fc at pc 0x7fc58e304131 bp 0x7ffd54787b00 sp 0x7ffd54787af8
WRITE of size 4 at 0x7fc55a02a3fc thread T0
#0 0x7fc58e304130 in cv::QRDetectMulti::checkSets(std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > >, std::allocator<std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > > > >&, std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > >, std::allocator<std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > > > >&, std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > >&) /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/objdetect/src/qrcode.cpp:3726
#1 0x7fc58e3054b0 in cv::QRDetectMulti::localization() /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/objdetect/src/qrcode.cpp:3829
#2 0x7fc58e308020 in cv::ImplContour::detectMulti(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&) const /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/objdetect/src/qrcode.cpp:3987
#3 0x7fc58e30b5b1 in cv::ImplContour::detectAndDecodeMulti(cv::_InputArray const&, std::vector<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::allocator<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > >&, cv::_OutputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&) const /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/objdetect/src/qrcode.cpp:4176
#4 0x7fc58e28922f in cv::GraphicalCodeDetector::detectAndDecodeMulti(cv::_InputArray const&, std::vector<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::allocator<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > >&, cv::_OutputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&) const /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/objdetect/src/graphical_code_detector.cpp:42
#5 0x5954e8 in Body /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/objdetect/test/test_qrcode.cpp:48
#6 0x594fc0 in TestBody /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/objdetect/test/test_qrcode.cpp:42
#7 0x67ee6a in void testing::internal::HandleSehExceptionsInMethodIfSupported<testing::Test, void>(testing::Test*, void (testing::Test::*)(), char const*) /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:3919
#8 0x6734a4 in void testing::internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported<testing::Test, void>(testing::Test*, void (testing::Test::*)(), char const*) /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:3955
#9 0x641fe8 in testing::Test::Run() /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:3993
#10 0x6431ac in testing::TestInfo::Run() /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:4169
#11 0x643d15 in testing::TestCase::Run() /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:4287
#12 0x659ff3 in testing::internal::UnitTestImpl::RunAllTests() /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:6662
#13 0x681205 in bool testing::internal::HandleSehExceptionsInMethodIfSupported<testing::internal::UnitTestImpl, bool>(testing::internal::UnitTestImpl*, bool (testing::internal::UnitTestImpl::*)(), char const*) /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:3919
#14 0x675127 in bool testing::internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported<testing::internal::UnitTestImpl, bool>(testing::internal::UnitTestImpl*, bool (testing::internal::UnitTestImpl::*)(), char const*) /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:3955
#15 0x65734c in testing::UnitTest::Run() /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/src/ts_gtest.cpp:6271
#16 0x5907f0 in RUN_ALL_TESTS() /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/ts/include/opencv2/ts/ts_gtest.h:22240
#17 0x590cdd in main (/home/fanta/source/opencv-build-4.x-clang/bin/opencv_test_objdetect+0x590cdd) (BuildId: a9363fc788d57c48225fc0559ac9199d07d415db)
#18 0x7fc58ab242ad in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a2ad) (BuildId: 03f1631dc9760d3e30311fe62e15cc4baaa89db7)
#19 0x7fc58ab24378 in __libc_start_main@@GLIBC_2.34 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a378) (BuildId: 03f1631dc9760d3e30311fe62e15cc4baaa89db7)
#20 0x417014 in _start ../sysdeps/x86_64/start.S:115
0x7fc55a02a3fc is located 0 bytes after 2938510332-byte region [0x7fc4aadc8800,0x7fc55a02a3fc)
allocated by thread T0 here:
#0 0x7fc58e590298 in operator new(unsigned long) (/lib64/libasan.so.8+0xfd298) (BuildId: da72ee674d801ced58193987786b90646d94ff8d)
#1 0x7fc58e34d010 in std::__new_allocator<cv::Vec<int, 3> >::allocate(unsigned long, void const*) /usr/include/c++/14/bits/new_allocator.h:151
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow /home/fanta/source/opencv/modules/objdetect/src/qrcode.cpp:3726 in cv::QRDetectMulti::checkSets(std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > >, std::allocator<std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > > > >&, std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > >, std::allocator<std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > > > >&, std::vector<cv::Point_<float>, std::allocator<cv::Point_<float> > >&)
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
0x7fc55a02a100: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7fc55a02a180: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7fc55a02a200: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7fc55a02a280: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7fc55a02a300: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
=>0x7fc55a02a380: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00[04]
0x7fc55a02a400: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x7fc55a02a480: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x7fc55a02a500: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x7fc55a02a580: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x7fc55a02a600: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
Addressable: 00
Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Heap left redzone: fa
Freed heap region: fd
Stack left redzone: f1
Stack mid redzone: f2
Stack right redzone: f3
Stack after return: f5
Stack use after scope: f8
Global redzone: f9
Global init order: f6
Poisoned by user: f7
Container overflow: fc
Array cookie: ac
Intra object redzone: bb
ASan internal: fe
Left alloca redzone: ca
Right alloca redzone: cb
==41401==ABORTING
```
`(true_points_group[i].size()` is 1794 and `(true_points_group[i].size() - 2 ) * (true_points_group[i].size() - 1) * true_points_group[i].size())` is 5764222464 which overflows `int`
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Faster implementation of blobFromImages for cpu nchw output #26127
Faster implementation of blobFromImage and blobFromImages for
HWC cv::Mat images -> NCHW cv::Mat
case
Running time on my pc in ms:
**blobFromImage**
```
image size old new speed-up
32x32x3 0.008 0.002 4.0x
64x64x3 0.021 0.009 2.3x
128x128x3 0.164 0.037 4.4x
256x256x3 0.728 0.158 4.6x
512x512x3 3.310 0.628 5.2x
1024x1024x3 14.503 3.124 4.6x
2048x2048x3 61.647 28.049 2.2x
```
**blobFromImages**
```
image size old new speed-up
16x32x32x3 0.122 0.041 3.0x
16x64x64x3 0.790 0.165 4.8x
16x128x128x3 3.313 0.652 5.1x
16x256x256x3 13.495 3.127 4.3x
16x512x512x3 58.795 28.127 2.1x
16x1024x1024x3 251.135 121.955 2.1x
16x2048x2048x3 1023.570 487.188 2.1x
```
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Animated WebP Support #25608
related issues #24855#22569
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V4l default image size #25500
Added ability to set default image width and height for V4L capture. This is required for cameras that does not support 640x480 resolution because otherwise V4L capture cannot be opened and failed with "Pixel format of incoming image is unsupported by OpenCV" and then with "can't open camera by index" message. Because of the videoio architecture it is not possible to insert actions between CvCaptureCAM_V4L::CvCaptureCAM_V4L and CvCaptureCAM_V4L::open so the only way I found is to use environment variables to preselect the resolution.
Related bug report is [#25499](https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/25499)
Maybe (but not confirmed) this is also related to [#24551](https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/24551)
This fix was made and verified in my local environment: capture board AVMATRIX VC42, Ubuntu 20, NVidia Jetson Orin.
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Fix VideoCapture fails to read single image with digits in name #26637
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
Fix#26457
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js: fix generation of "const const" in code #26640
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Android camera feature enhancements #26627
Closes https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/24687
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More convenient GpuMatND constructor #26472Closes#26471
For convenience, GpuMatND can now accept a step.size() equal to size.size(), as long as the last step is equal to elemSize()
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Switch calibration.cpp to C++ #26490
The CvLevMarq code has to be kept in order to keep the same accuracy (the C++ solver is not as good).
There are two ways to review this PR: by comparing to the old code, or by checking what is different from the 5.x version (which is the first commit).
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Support C++20 standard #26590
Close https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/26589
Related https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/pull/3842
Related: https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/20269
- do not arithmetic enums and ( different enums or floating numeric)
- remove unused variable
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Previously, the yoloPostProcessing function assumed that the number of classes (nc) was fixed at 80. This caused incorrect behavior when a different number of classes was specified, leading to mismatched output shapes.
This update modifies the code to use the provided `nc` value dynamically, ensuring that the output shapes are correctly calculated based on the specified number of classes. This prevents issues when `nc` is not equal to 80 and allows for greater flexibility in model configurations.
Fix#25812: Add error handling for invalid nu parameter in SVM NU_SVC #26587
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Updated trackbar callback function and improved documentation #26524
This Fixes#26467
Description:
This pull request improve the OpenCV documentation regarding the Trackbar functionality. The current documentation does not provide clear guidance on certain aspects, such as handling the value pointer deprecation and utilizing callback arguments in C. This update addresses those gaps and provides an updated example for better clarity.
Changes:
Updated Documentation:
Clarified the usage of the value pointer and explained how to pass an initial value, since the value pointer is deprecated.
Added more detailed explanations about callback arguments in C, ensuring that users understand how to access and use them in Trackbar callbacks.
Added a note on how to properly handle initial value passing without relying on the deprecated value pointer.
Updated Tutorial Example:
Renamed and used callback function parameters to make them more understandable.
Included a demonstration on how to utilize userdata in the callback function.
Additional Notes:
Removed reliance on the value pointer for updating trackbar values. Users are now encouraged to use other mechanisms as per the current implementation to avoid the runtime warning.
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An upcoming change in Protobuf will change the return types of various
methods like Descriptor::name() and Message::GetTypeName() from const
std::string& or std::string to absl::string_view. This CL fixes users
of those methods to work both before and after the change.
[GSoC] Add GIF decode and encode for imgcodecs #25691
this is related to #24855
we add gif support for `imread`, `imreadmulti`, `imwrite` and `imwritemulti`
opencv_extra: https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1203
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Missing include directories needed for wayland-util and xkbcommon #26563
See: #26561
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Emscripten build fixes#26537
- Corrects typo in Emscripten-only intrinsics header (Fixes https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/26536)
- Updates deprecated intrinsic title (as per LLVM final intrinsic name).
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HAL added for absdiff(array, scalar) + related fixes#26459
### This PR changes
* HAL for `absdiff` when one of arguments is a scalar, including multichannel arrays and scalars
* several channels support for HAL `addScalar`
* proper data type check for `addScalar` when one of arguments is a scalar
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