PLY mesh support #24961
**Warning:** The PR changes exising API.
Fixes#24960
Connected PR: [#1145@extra](https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1145)
### Changes
* Adds faces loading from and saving to PLY files
* Fixes incorrect PLY loading (see issue)
* Adds per-vertex color loading / saving
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request
- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [x] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [x] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake
Merge usac to 5.x #24005
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request
- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [x] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [x] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake
Base branch is PR #23979. Merging PR #23078, 23900 and PR #23806 to 5.x
GSoC: Modified PLY reader to support color attribute read/write #23805
* Modified PLY reader to support color attribute read/write
* Fix bugs & Modified OBJ reader for color IO
* Replace with correct test file
* Fix I/O of property [w] in OBJ files
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
**Merged with https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1075**
[Issue for GSoC 2023](https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/23624)
The ply loader in 3D module doesn't support color attribute reading. I modified that to support color attribute reading & writing for the color attribute compression as described in proposal.
See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request
- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [x] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [x] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake
GSoC module to save and load point cloud
* Add functionality to read point cloud data from files
* address issues found on review, add tests for mesh, refactor
* enable fail-safe execution and empty arrays as output
* Some improvements for point cloud io module
Co-authored-by: Julie Bareeva <julia.bareeva@xperience.ai>
New odometry Pipeline
* first intergation
* tests run, but not pass
* add previous version of sigma calc
* add minor comment
* strange fixes
* fix fast ICP
* test changes; fast icp still not work correctly
* finaly, it works
* algtype fix
* change affine comparison
* boolean return
* fix bug with angle and cos
* test pass correctly
* fix for kinfu pipeline
* add compute points normals
* update for new odometry
* change odometry_evaluation
* odometry_evaluation works
* change debug logs
* minor changes
* change depth setting in odometryFrame
* fastICP works with 4num points
* all odometries work with 4mun points
* odometry full works on 4num points and normals
* replace ICP with DEPTH; comments replacements
* create prepareFrame; add docs for Odometry
* change getPyramids()
* delete extra code
* add intrinsics; but dont works
* bugfix with nan checking
* add gpu impl
* change createOdometryFrame func
* remove old fastICP code
* comments fix
* add comments
* minor fixes
* other minor fixes
* add channels assert
* add impl for odometry settings
* add pimpl to odometry
* linux warning fix
* linux warning fix 1
* linux warning fix 2
* linux error fix
* linux warning fix 3
* linux warning fix 4
* linux error fix 2
* fix test warnings
* python build fix
* doxygen fix
* docs fix
* change normal tests for 4channel point
* all Normal tests pass
* plane works
* add warp frame body
* minor fix
* warning fixes
* try to fix
* try to fix 1
* review fix
* lvls fix
* createOdometryFrame fix
* add comment
* const reference
* OPENCV_3D_ prefix
* const methods
* OdometryFramePyramidType ifx
* add assert
* precomp moved upper
* delete types_c
* add assert for get and set functions
* minor fixes
* remove core.hpp from header
* ocl_run add
* warning fix
* delete extra comment
* minor fix
* setDepth fix
* delete underscore
* odometry settings fix
* show debug image fix
* build error fix
* other minor fix
* add const to signatures
* fix
* conflict fix
* getter fix
Add 3D point cloud sampling functions to branch next
* Add several 3D point cloud sampling functions: Random, VoxelGrid, FarthestPoint.
* Made some code detail changes and exposed the random number generator parameters at the interface.
* Add simple tests for sampling.
* Modify interface output parameters.
* Modify interface return value.
* The sampling test is modified for the new changes of function interface.
* Improved test of VoxelGridFilterSampling
* Improved test of VoxelGridFilterSampling and FPS.
* Add test for the dist_lower_limit arguments of FPS function.
* Optimization function _getMatFromInputArray.
* Optimize the code style and some details according to the suggestions.
* Clear prefix cv: in the source code.
* Change the initialization of Mat in the sampling test.
* 1. Unified code style
2. Optimize randomSampling method
* 1. Optimize code comments.
2. Remove unused local variables.
* Rebuild the structure of the test, make the test case more reliable, and change the code style.
* Update test_sampling.cpp
Fix a warning.
Moving RGBD parts to 3d
* files moved from rgbd module in contrib repo
* header paths fixed
* perf file added
* lapack compilation fixed
* Rodrigues fixed in tests
* rgbd namespace removed
* headers fixed
* initial: rgbd files moved to 3d module
* rgbd updated from latest contrib master; less file duplication
* "std::" for sin(), cos(), etc.
* KinFu family -> back to contrib
* paths & namespaces
* removed duplicates, file version updated
* namespace kinfu removed from 3d module
* forgot to move test_colored_kinfu.cpp to contrib
* tests fixed: Params removed
* kinfu namespace removed
* it works without objc bindings
* include headers fixed
* tests: data paths fixed
* headers moved to/from public API
* Intr -> Matx33f in public API
* from kinfu_frame.hpp to utils.hpp
* submap: Intr -> Matx33f, HashTSDFVolume -> Volume; no extra headers
* no RgbdFrame class, no Mat fields & arg -> InputArray & pImpl
* get/setPyramidAt() instead of lots of methods
* Mat -> InputArray, TMat
* prepareFrameCache: refactored
* FastICPOdometry: +truncate threshold, +depthFactor; Mat/UMat choose
* Mat/UMat choose
* minor stuff related to headers
* (un)signed int warnings; compilation minor issues
* minors: submap: pyramids -> OdometryFrame; tests fix; FastICP minor; CV_EXPORTS_W for kinfu_frame.hpp
* FastICPOdometry: caching, rgbCameraMatrix
* OdometryFrame: pyramid%s% -> pyramids[]
* drop: rgbCameraMatrix from FastICP, RGB cache mode, makeColoredFrameFrom depth and all color-functions it calls
* makeFrameFromDepth, buildPyramidPointsNormals -> from public to internal utils.hpp
* minors
* FastICPOdometry: caching updated, init fields
* OdometryFrameImpl<UMat> fixed
* matrix building fixed; minors
* returning linemode back to contrib
* params.pose is Mat now
* precomp headers reorganized
* minor fixes, header paths, extra header removed
* minors: intrinsics -> utils.hpp; whitespaces; empty namespace; warning fixed
* moving declarations from/to headers
* internal headers reorganized (once again)
* fix include
* extra var fix
* fix include, fix (un)singed warning
* calibration.cpp: reverting back
* headers fix
* workaround to fix bindings
* temporary removed wrappers
* VolumeType -> VolumeParams
* (temporarily) removing wrappers for Volume and VolumeParams
* pyopencv_linemod -> contrib
* try to fix test_rgbd.py
* headers fixed
* fixing wrappers for rgbd
* fixing docs
* fixing rgbdPlane
* RgbdNormals wrapped
* wrap Volume and VolumeParams, VolumeType from enum to int
* DepthCleaner wrapped
* header folder "rgbd" -> "3d"
* fixing header path
* VolumeParams referenced by Ptr to support Python wrappers
* render...() fixed
* Ptr<VolumeParams> fixed
* makeVolume(... resolution -> [X, Y, Z])
* fixing static declaration
* try to fix ios objc bindings
* OdometryFrame::release...() removed
* fix for Odometry algos not supporting UMats: prepareFrameCache<>()
* preparePyramidMask(): fix to compile with TMat = UMat
* fixing debug guards
* removing references back; adding makeOdometryFrame() instead
* fixing OpenCL ICP hanging (some threads exit before reaching the barrier -> the rest threads hang)
* try to fix objc wrapper warnings; rerun builders
* VolumeType -> VolumeKind
* try to fix OCL bug
* prints removed
* indentation fixed
* headers fixed
* license fix
* WillowGarage licence notion removed, since it's in OpenCV's COPYRIGHT already
* KinFu license notion shortened
* debugging code removed
* include guards fixed
* KinFu license left in contrib module
* isValidDepth() moved to private header
* indentation fix
* indentation fix in src files
* RgbdNormals rewritten to pImpl
* minor
* DepthCleaner removed due to low code quality, no depthScale provided, no depth images found to be successfully filtered; can be replaced by bilateral filtering
* minors, indentation
* no "private" in public headers
* depthTo3d test moved from separate file
* Normals: setDepth() is useless, removing it
* RgbdPlane => findPlanes()
* rescaleDepth(): minor
* warpFrame: minor
* minor TODO
* all Odometries (except base abstract class) rewritten to pImpl
* FastICPOdometry now supports maxRotation and maxTranslation
* minor
* Odometry's children: now checks are done in setters
* get rid of protected members in Odometry class
* get/set cameraMatrix, transformType, maxRot/Trans, iters, minGradients -> OdometryImpl
* cameraMatrix: from double to float
* matrix exponentiation: Eigen -> dual quaternions
* Odometry evaluation fixed to reuse existing code
* "small" macro fixed by undef
* pixNorm is calculated on CPU only now (and then uploads on GPU)
* test registration: no cvtest classes
* test RgbdNormals and findPlanes(): no cvtest classes
* test_rgbd.py: minor fix
* tests for Odometry: no cvtest classes; UMat tests; logging fixed
* more CV_OVERRIDE to overriden functions
* fixing nondependent names to dependent
* more to prev commit
* forgotten fixes: overriden functions, (non)dependent names
* FastICPOdometry: fix UMat support when OpenCL is off
* try to fix compilation: missing namespaces
* Odometry: static const-mimicking functions to internal constants
* forgotten change to prev commit
* more forgotten fixes
* do not expose "submap.hpp" by default
* in-class enums: give names, CamelCase, int=>enums; minors
* namespaces, underscores, String
* std::map is used by pose graph, adding it
* compute()'s signature fixed, computeImpl()'s too
* RgbdNormals: Mat -> InputArray
* depth.hpp: Mat -> InputArray
* cameraMatrix: Matx33f -> InputArray + default value + checks
* "details" headers are not visible by default
* TSDF tests: rearranging checks
* cameraMatrix: no (realistic) default value
* renderPointsNormals*(): no wrappers for them
* debug: assert on empty frame in TSDF tests
* debugging code for TSDF GPU
* debug from integrate to raycast
* no (non-zero) default camera matrix anymore
* drop debugging code (does not help)
* try to fix TSDF GPU: constant -> global const ptr
* extended C++ version of Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) solver to accommodate all features of the C counterpart.
* removed C version of LM solver
* made a few other little changes to make the code compile and run smoothly
