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93 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
93 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
# Triplet files
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Triplet is a standard term used in cross compiling as a way to completely capture the target environment (cpu, os, compiler, runtime, etc) in a single convenient name.
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In Vcpkg, we use triplets to describe self-consistent builds of library sets. This means every library will be built using the same target cpu, OS, and compiler toolchain, but also CRT linkage and preferred library type.
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We currently provide many triplets by default (run `vcpkg help triplet`). However, you can easily add your own by creating a new file in the `triplets\` directory. The new triplet will immediately be available for use in commands, such as `vcpkg install boost:x86-windows-custom`.
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To change the triplet used by your project, such as to enable static linking, see our [Integration Document](integration.md#triplet-selection).
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## Variables
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### VCPKG_TARGET_ARCHITECTURE
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Specifies the target machine architecture.
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Valid options are `x86`, `x64`, `arm`, and `arm64`.
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### VCPKG_CRT_LINKAGE
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Specifies the desired CRT linkage (for MSVC).
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Valid options are `dynamic` and `static`.
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### VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE
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Specifies the preferred library linkage.
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Valid options are `dynamic` and `static`. Note that libraries can ignore this setting if they do not support the preferred linkage type.
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### VCPKG_CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME
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Specifies the target platform.
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Valid options include any CMake system name, such as:
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- Empty (Windows Desktop for legacy reasons)
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- `WindowsStore` (Universal Windows Platform)
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- `Darwin` (Mac OSX)
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- `Linux` (Linux)
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### VCPKG_PLATFORM_TOOLSET
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Specifies the VS-based C/C++ compiler toolchain to use.
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This can be set to `v141`, `v140`, or left blank. If left blank, we select the latest compiler toolset available on your machine.
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Visual Studio 2015 platform toolset is `v140`
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Visual Studio 2017 platform toolset is `v141`
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### VCPKG_VISUAL_STUDIO_PATH
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Specifies the Visual Studio installation to use.
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When unspecified, a Visual Studio instance is selected automatically, preferring Stable 2017, then Preview 2017, then 2015.
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The path should be absolute, formatted with backslashes, and have no trailing slash:
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```cmake
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set(VCPKG_VISUAL_STUDIO_PATH "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\Preview\\Community")
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```
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### VCPKG_CHAINLOAD_TOOLCHAIN_FILE
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Specifies an alternate CMake Toolchain file to use.
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This (if set) will override all other compiler detection logic. By default, a toolchain file is selected from `scripts/toolchains/` appropriate to the platform.
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See also the CMake documentation for toolchain files: https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.11/manual/cmake-toolchains.7.html.
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### VCPKG_CXX_FLAGS
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Sets additional compiler flags to be used when not using `VCPKG_CHAINLOAD_TOOLCHAIN_FILE`.
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This option also has forms for configuration-specific and C flags:
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- `VCPKG_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG`
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- `VCPKG_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE`
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- `VCPKG_C_FLAGS`
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- `VCPKG_C_FLAGS_DEBUG`
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- `VCPKG_C_FLAGS_RELEASE`
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## Per-port customization
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The CMake Macro `PORT` will be set when interpreting the triplet file and can be used to change settings (such as `VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE`) on a per-port basis.
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Example:
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```cmake
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set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE static)
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if(PORT MATCHES "qt5-")
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set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE dynamic)
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endif()
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```
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This will build all the `qt5-*` libraries as DLLs, but every other library as a static library.
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For an example in a real project, see https://github.com/Intelight/vcpkg/blob/master/triplets/x86-windows-mixed.cmake.
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## Additional Remarks
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The default triplet when running any vcpkg command is `%VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET%` or a platform-specific choice if that environment variable is undefined.
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- Windows: `x86-windows`
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- Linux: `x64-linux`
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- OSX: `x64-osx`
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We recommend using a systematic naming scheme when creating new triplets. The Android toolchain naming scheme is a good source of inspiration: https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/standalone_toolchain.html.
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