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* Example building dynamic libraries on Linux using overlay triplets * Change triplets list to multi-columns * Override default triplets example
159 lines
5.8 KiB
Markdown
159 lines
5.8 KiB
Markdown
# Overlay triplets example: build dynamic libraries on Linux
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Using **vcpkg** you can build libraries for the following triplets:
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<div>
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<ul style="columns: 3;">
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<li> arm-uwp</li>
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<li> arm-windows</li>
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<li> arm64-uwp</li>
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<li> arm64-windows</li>
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<li> x86-uwp</li>
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<li> x86-windows</li>
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<li> x86-windows-static</li>
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<li> x64-uwp</li>
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<li> x64-linux</li>
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<li> x64-osx</li>
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<li> x64-windows</li>
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<li> x64-windows-static</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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By design **vcpkg** builds only static libraries for Linux and Mac OS.
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However, this doesn't mean that you cannot use **vcpkg** to build your dynamic libraries on these platforms.
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This document will guide you through creating your own custom triplets to build dynamic libraries on Linux using **vcpkg**.
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### Step 1: Create a folder to contain your custom triplets
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```
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~/vcpkg$ mkdir ../custom-triplets
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```
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### Step 2: Create the custom triplet files
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To save time, copy the existing `x64-linux.cmake` triplet file.
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```
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~/vcpkg$ cp ./triplets/x64-linux.cmake ../custom-triplets/x64-linux-dynamic.cmake
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```
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And modify `custom-triplets/x64-linux-dynamic.cmake` to match the contents below:
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```
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set(VCPKG_TARGET_ARCHITECTURE x64)
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set(VCPKG_CRT_LINKAGE dynamic)
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# Change VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE from static to dynamic
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set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE dynamic)
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set(VCPKG_CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
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```
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### Step 3: Use `--overlay-triplets` to build dynamic libraries
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Use the `--overlay-triplets` option to include the triplets in the `custom-triplets` directory.
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```
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./vcpkg install sqlite3:x64-linux-dynamic --overlay-triplets=../custom-triplets
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The following packages will be built and installed:
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sqlite3[core]:x64-linux
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Starting package 1/1: sqlite3:x64-linux-dynamic
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Building package sqlite3[core]:x64-linux-dynamic...
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-- Loading triplet configuration from: /home/custom-triplets/x64-linux-dynamic.cmake
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-- Downloading https://sqlite.org/2019/sqlite-amalgamation-3280000.zip...
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-- Extracting source /home/victor/git/vcpkg/downloads/sqlite-amalgamation-3280000.zip
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-- Applying patch fix-arm-uwp.patch
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-- Using source at /home/victor/git/vcpkg/buildtrees/sqlite3/src/3280000-6a3ff7ce92
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-- Configuring x64-linux-dynamic-dbg
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-- Configuring x64-linux-dynamic-rel
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-- Building x64-linux-dynamic-dbg
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-- Building x64-linux-dynamic-rel
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-- Performing post-build validation
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-- Performing post-build validation done
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Building package sqlite3[core]:x64-linux-dynamic... done
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Installing package sqlite3[core]:x64-linux-dynamic...
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Installing package sqlite3[core]:x64-linux-dynamic... done
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Elapsed time for package sqlite3:x64-linux-dynamic: 44.82 s
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Total elapsed time: 44.82 s
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The package sqlite3:x64-linux-dynamic provides CMake targets:
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find_package(sqlite3 CONFIG REQUIRED)
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target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE sqlite3)
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```
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Overlay triplets will add your custom triplet files when using `vcpkg install`, `vcpkg update`, `vcpkg upgrade`, and `vcpkg remove`.
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When using the `--overlay-triplets` option, a message like the following lets you know that a custom triplet is being used:
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```
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-- Loading triplet configuration from: /home/custom-triplets/x64-linux-dynamic.cmake
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```
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## Overriding default triplets
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As you may have noticed, the default triplets for Windows (`x86-windows` and `x64-windows`) install dynamic libraries, while a suffix (`-static`) is needed for static libraries. This is inconsistent with Linux and Mac OS where only static libraries are built.
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Using `--overlay-ports` it is possible to override the default triplets to accomplish the same behavior on Linux:
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* `x64-linux`: Builds dynamic libraries,
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* `x64-linux-static`: Builds static libraries.
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### Step 1: Create the overriden triplet
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Using the custom triplet created in the previous example, rename `custom-triplets/x64-linux-dynamic.cmake` to `custom-triplets/x64-linux.cmake`.
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```
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~/vcpkg$ mv ../custom-triplets/x64-linux-dynamic.cmake ../custom-triplets/x64-linux.cmake
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```
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### Step 2: Copy and rename the default triplet
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Then, copy the default `x64-linux` triplet (which builds static libraries) in your `/custom-triplets` folder and rename it to `x64-linux-static.cmake`.
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```
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~/vcpkg$ cp ./triplets/x64-linux.cmake ../custom-triplets/x64-linux-static.cmake
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```
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### Step 3: Use `--overlay-ports` to override default triplets
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Use the `--overlay-triplets` option to include the triplets in the `custom-triplets` directory.
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```
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./vcpkg install sqlite3:x64-linux --overlay-triplets=../custom-triplets
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The following packages will be built and installed:
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sqlite3[core]:x64-linux
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Starting package 1/1: sqlite3:x64-linux
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Building package sqlite3[core]:x64-linux...
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-- Loading triplet configuration from: /home/custom-triplets/x64-linux.cmake
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-- Downloading https://sqlite.org/2019/sqlite-amalgamation-3280000.zip...
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-- Extracting source /home/victor/git/vcpkg/downloads/sqlite-amalgamation-3280000.zip
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-- Applying patch fix-arm-uwp.patch
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-- Using source at /home/victor/git/vcpkg/buildtrees/sqlite3/src/3280000-6a3ff7ce92
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-- Configuring x64-linux-dbg
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-- Configuring x64-linux-rel
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-- Building x64-linux-dbg
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-- Building x64-linux-rel
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-- Performing post-build validation
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-- Performing post-build validation done
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Building package sqlite3[core]:x64-linux... done
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Installing package sqlite3[core]:x64-linux...
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Installing package sqlite3[core]:x64-linux... done
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Elapsed time for package sqlite3:x64-linux: 44.82 s
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Total elapsed time: 44.82 s
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The package sqlite3:x64-linux provides CMake targets:
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find_package(sqlite3 CONFIG REQUIRED)
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target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE sqlite3)
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```
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Note that the default triplet is masked by your custom triplet:
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```
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-- Loading triplet configuration from: /home/custom-triplets/x64-linux.cmake
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```
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