Fix mismatch and simplify code in ChessBoardDetector::findQuadNeighbors #24667
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Сode doesn't match comment.
If we want check `1:4` edges ratio and `edge_len` is squared edge length, then we should check
```
ediff > 15*edge_len
```
with constant `15`, not `32`, because
```
ediff > 15*edge_len2 <=> edge_len1 - edge_len2 > 15*edge_len2 <=> edge_len1 > 16*edge_len2 <=> 1:4 edges ratio
```
But for me it's better and simpler to directly check `edge_len1 > 16*edge_len2`
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Check Checkerboard Corners #24546
What I did was get you to pull out of findChessboardCorners cornres the whole part that "checks" and sorts the corners of the checkerboard if present.
The main reason for this is that findChessboardCorners is often very slow to find the corners and this depends in that the size the contrast etc of the checkerboards can be very different from each other and writing a function that works on all kinds of images is complicated.
So I find it very useful to have the ability to write your own code to process the image and then have a function that controls or orders the corners.
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Speed up ChessBoardDetector::findQuadNeighbors #24605
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Replaced brute-force algorithm with O(N^2) time complexity with kd-tree with something like O(N * log N) time complexity (maybe only in average case).
For example, on image from #23558 without quads filtering (by using `CALIB_CB_FILTER_QUADS` flag) finding chessboards corners took ~770 seconds on my laptop, of which finding quads neighbors took ~620 seconds.
Now finding chessboards corners takes ~155-160 seconds, of which finding quads neighbors takes only ~5-10 seconds.
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Fix bug in ChessBoardDetector::findQuadNeighbors #24597
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Fix typo in ChessBoardDetector::generateQuads #24595
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Replace double atomic in USAC #24499
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Reference to issue with atomic variable: #24281
Reference to bug with essential matrix: #24482
Rewrite Universal Intrinsic code: float related part #24325
The goal of this series of PRs is to modify the SIMD code blocks guarded by CV_SIMD macro: rewrite them by using the new Universal Intrinsic API.
The series of PRs is listed below:
#23885 First patch, an example
#23980 Core module
#24058 ImgProc module, part 1
#24132 ImgProc module, part 2
#24166 ImgProc module, part 3
#24301 Features2d and calib3d module
#24324 Gapi module
This patch (hopefully) is the last one in the series.
This patch mainly involves 3 parts
1. Add some modifications related to float (CV_SIMD_64F)
2. Use `#if (CV_SIMD || CV_SIMD_SCALABLE)` instead of `#if CV_SIMD || CV_SIMD_SCALABLE`,
then we can get the `CV_SIMD` module that is not enabled for `CV_SIMD_SCALABLE` by looking for `if CV_SIMD`
3. Summary of `CV_SIMD` blocks that remains unmodified: Updated comments
- Some blocks will cause test fail when enable for RVV, marked as `TODO: enable for CV_SIMD_SCALABLE, ....`
- Some blocks can not be rewrited directly. (Not commented in the source code, just listed here)
- ./modules/core/src/mathfuncs_core.simd.hpp (Vector type wrapped in class/struct)
- ./modules/imgproc/src/color_lab.cpp (Array of vector type)
- ./modules/imgproc/src/color_rgb.simd.hpp (Array of vector type)
- ./modules/imgproc/src/sumpixels.simd.hpp (fixed length algorithm, strongly ralated with `CV_SIMD_WIDTH`)
These algorithms will need to be redesigned to accommodate scalable backends.
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Rewrite Universal Intrinsic code: features2d and calib3d module. #24301
The goal of this series of PRs is to modify the SIMD code blocks guarded by CV_SIMD macro: rewrite them by using the new Universal Intrinsic API.
This is the modification to the features2d module and calib3d module.
Test with clang 16 and QEMU v7.0.0. `AP3P.ctheta1p_nan_23607` failed beacuse of a small calculation error. But this patch does not touch the relevant code, and this error always reproduce on QEMU, regardless of whether the patch is applied or not. I think we can ignore it
```
[ RUN ] AP3P.ctheta1p_nan_23607
/home/hanliutong/project/opencv/modules/calib3d/test/test_solvepnp_ransac.cpp:2319: Failure
Expected: (cvtest::norm(res.colRange(0, 2), expected, NORM_INF)) <= (3e-16), actual: 3.33067e-16 vs 3e-16
[ FAILED ] AP3P.ctheta1p_nan_23607 (26 ms)
...
[==========] 148 tests from 64 test cases ran. (1147114 ms total)
[ PASSED ] 147 tests.
[ FAILED ] 1 test, listed below:
[ FAILED ] AP3P.ctheta1p_nan_23607
```
Note: There are 2 test cases failed with GCC 13.2.1 without this patch, seems like there are someting wrong with RVV part on GCC.
```
[----------] Global test environment tear-down
[==========] 148 tests from 64 test cases ran. (1511399 ms total)
[ PASSED ] 146 tests.
[ FAILED ] 2 tests, listed below:
[ FAILED ] Calib3d_StereoSGBM.regression
[ FAILED ] Calib3d_StereoSGBM_HH4.regression
```
The patch is partially auto-generated by using the [rewriter](https://github.com/hanliutong/rewriter).
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The address sanitizer highlighted this issue in our code base. It
looks like the code is currently grabbing a pointer to a temporary
object and then performing operations on it.
I printed some information right before the asan crash:
eigensolver address: 0x7f0ad95032f0
eigensolver size: 4528
eig_vecs_ ptr: 0x7f0ad95045e0
eig_vecs_ offset: 4848
This shows that `eig_vecs_` points past the end of `eigensolver`. In
other words, it points at the temporary object created by the
`eigensolver.eigenvectors()` call.
Compare the docs for `.eigenvalues()`:
https://eigen.tuxfamily.org/dox/classEigen_1_1EigenSolver.html#a0f507ad7ab14797882f474ca8f2773e7
to the docs for `.eigenvectors()`:
https://eigen.tuxfamily.org/dox/classEigen_1_1EigenSolver.html#a66288022802172e3ee059283b26201d7
The difference in return types is interesting. `.eigenvalues()`
returns a reference. But `.eigenvectors()` returns a matrix.
This patch here fixes the problem by saving the temporary object and
then grabbing a pointer into it.
This is a curated snippet of the original asan failure:
==12==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: stack-use-after-scope on address 0x7fc633704640 at pc 0x7fc64f7f1593 bp 0x7ffe8875fc90 sp 0x7ffe8875fc88
READ of size 8 at 0x7fc633704640 thread T0
#0 0x7fc64f7f1592 in cv::usac::EssentialMinimalSolverStewenius5ptsImpl::estimate(std::__1::vector<int, std::__1::allocator<int> > const&, std::__1::vector<cv::Mat, std::__1::allocator<cv::Mat> >&) const /proc/self/cwd/external/com_github_opencv_opencv/modules/calib3d/src/usac/essential_solver.cpp:181:48
#1 0x7fc64f915d92 in cv::usac::EssentialEstimatorImpl::estimateModels(std::__1::vector<int, std::__1::allocator<int> > const&, std::__1::vector<cv::Mat, std::__1::allocator<cv::Mat> >&) const /proc/self/cwd/external/com_github_opencv_opencv/modules/calib3d/src/usac/estimator.cpp:110:46
#2 0x7fc64fa74fb0 in cv::usac::Ransac::run(cv::Ptr<cv::usac::RansacOutput>&) /proc/self/cwd/external/com_github_opencv_opencv/modules/calib3d/src/usac/ransac_solvers.cpp:152:58
#3 0x7fc64fa6cd8e in cv::usac::run(cv::Ptr<cv::usac::Model const> const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, int, cv::Ptr<cv::usac::RansacOutput>&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&) /proc/self/cwd/external/com_github_opencv_opencv/modules/calib3d/src/usac/ransac_solvers.cpp:1010:16
#4 0x7fc64fa6fb46 in cv::usac::findEssentialMat(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, int, double, double, cv::_OutputArray const&) /proc/self/cwd/external/com_github_opencv_opencv/modules/calib3d/src/usac/ransac_solvers.cpp:527:9
#5 0x7fc64f3b5522 in cv::findEssentialMat(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, int, double, double, int, cv::_OutputArray const&) /proc/self/cwd/external/com_github_opencv_opencv/modules/calib3d/src/five-point.cpp:437:16
#6 0x7fc64f3b7e00 in cv::findEssentialMat(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, int, double, double, cv::_OutputArray const&) /proc/self/cwd/external/com_github_opencv_opencv/modules/calib3d/src/five-point.cpp:486:12
...
Address 0x7fc633704640 is located in stack of thread T0 at offset 17984 in frame
#0 0x7fc64f7ed4ff in cv::usac::EssentialMinimalSolverStewenius5ptsImpl::estimate(std::__1::vector<int, std::__1::allocator<int> > const&, std::__1::vector<cv::Mat, std::__1::allocator<cv::Mat> >&) const /proc/self/cwd/external/com_github_opencv_opencv/modules/calib3d/src/usac/essential_solver.cpp:36
This frame has 63 object(s):
[32, 56) 'coefficients' (line 38)
[96, 384) 'ee' (line 55)
...
[13040, 17568) 'eigensolver' (line 142)
[17824, 17840) 'ref.tmp518' (line 143)
[17856, 17872) 'ref.tmp523' (line 144)
[17888, 19488) 'ref.tmp524' (line 144) <== Memory access at offset 17984 is inside this variable
[19616, 19640) 'ref.tmp532' (line 169)
...
The crash report says that we're accessing a temporary object from
line 144 when we shouldn't be. Line 144 looks like this:
https://github.com/opencv/opencv/blob/4.6.0/modules/calib3d/src/usac/essential_solver.cpp#L144
const auto * const eig_vecs_ = (double *) eigensolver.eigenvectors().real().data();
We are using version 4.6.0 for this, but the problem is present on the
4.x branch.
Note that I am dropping the .real() call here. I think that is safe because
of the code further down (line 277 in the most recent version):
const int eig_i = 20 * i + 12; // eigen stores imaginary values too
The code appears to expect to have to skip doubles for the imaginary parts
of the complex numbers.
Admittedly, I couldn't find a test case that exercised this code path to
validate correctness.
Fix crash in ap3p #23607
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Fixing typos in usac #23900
Just read and correct some typos in `usac`
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Update USAC #23078
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Resolves https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/23304
Fixes the incorrect pixel grid
Switches type to double to avoid precision loss as all callers use doubles
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Backport of #22992 to 3.4
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Add `estimateSE2(...)`, `estimateSE3(...)`, `estimateSIM2(...)`, `estimateSIM3(...)` for estimating an geometric transformation with rotation and translation (with scaling for SIM) using USAC: as alternative for `estimateAffinePartial2D` and `estimateAffine3D`.
Modified test module.
Remove unused variables.
Remove initializer of unused variable.
Add interfaces to accept UsacParams() and corresponding test codes.
Revise test code.
PartialNd removed
Umeyama rewritten for code quality & speed
comments & minors
rise number of points
fix, and +30% faster!
only one number should be that big
remove USAC code, leave fix only
big number
Usage of imread(): magic number 0, unchecked result
* docs: rewrite 0/1 to IMREAD_GRAYSCALE/IMREAD_COLOR in imread()
* samples, apps: rewrite 0/1 to IMREAD_GRAYSCALE/IMREAD_COLOR in imread()
* tests: rewrite 0/1 to IMREAD_GRAYSCALE/IMREAD_COLOR in imread()
* doc/py_tutorials: check imread() result
