Fix#25696: Solved the problem in Subdiv2D, empty delaunay triangulation #27149
Detailed description
Expected behaviour:
Given 4 points, where no three points are collinear, the Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm should return 2 triangles.
Actual:
The algorithm returns zero triangles in this particular case.
Fix:
The radius of the circumcircle tends to infinity when the points are closer to form collinear points, so the problem occurs because the super-triangles are not large enough,
which then results in certain edges are not swapped. The proposed solution just increases the super triangle, duplicating the value of constant for example.
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Feature: Add OpenVINO NPU support #27363
## Why
- OpenVINO now supports inference on integrated NPU devices in intel's Core Ultra series processors.
- Sometimes as fast as GPU, but should use considerably less power.
## How
- The NPU plugin is now available as "NPU" in openvino `ov::Core::get_available_devices()`.
- Removed the guards and checks for NPU in available targets for Inference Engine backend.
## Test example
### Pre-requisites
- Intel [Core Ultra series processor](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/details/processors/core-ultra/edge.html#tab-blade-1-0)
- [Intel NPU driver](https://github.com/intel/linux-npu-driver/releases)
- OpenVINO 2023.3.0+ (Tested on 2025.1.0)
### Example
```cpp
#include <opencv2/dnn.hpp>
#include <iostream>
int main(){
cv::dnn::Net net = cv::dnn::readNet("../yolov8s-openvino/yolov8s.xml", "../yolov8s-openvino/yolov8s.bin");
cv::Size net_input_shape = cv::Size(640, 480);
std::cout << "Setting backend to DNN_BACKEND_INFERENCE_ENGINE and target to DNN_TARGET_NPU" << std::endl;
net.setPreferableBackend(cv::dnn::DNN_BACKEND_INFERENCE_ENGINE);
net.setPreferableTarget(cv::dnn::DNN_TARGET_NPU);
cv::Mat image(net_input_shape, CV_8UC3);
cv::randu(image, cv::Scalar(0, 0, 0), cv::Scalar(255, 255, 255));
cv::Mat blob = cv::dnn::blobFromImage(
image, 1, net_input_shape, cv::Scalar(0, 0, 0), true, false, CV_32F);
net.setInput(blob);
std::cout << "Running forward" << std::endl;
cv::Mat result = net.forward();
std::cout << "Output shape: " << result.size << std::endl; // Output shape: 1 x 84 x 6300
}
```
model files [here](https://limewire.com/d/bPgiA#BhUeSTBnMc)
docker image used to build opencv: [ghcr.io/mro47/opencv-builder](https://github.com/MRo47/opencv-builder/blob/main/Dockerfile)
Closes#26240
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Fix#27352: Add checks before getting latest pin in Net::Impl::getLatestLayerPin() #27353
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
Fixes#27352
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Improve solveCubic accuracy #27347
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
Fix#27323
```
2e-13 * x^3 + x^2 - 2 * x + 1 = 0 -> x^3 + 5e12 * x^2 - 1e13 * x + 5e12 = 0
```
The problem that coefficients have quite big magnitudes and current calculations are subject to round-off error
```
Q = (a1 * a1 - 3 * a2) * (1./9)
R = (2 * a1 * a1 * a1 - 9 * a1 * a2 + 27 * a3) * (1./54)
Qcubed = Q * Q * Q = a1^6/729 - (a1^4 a2)/81 + (a1^2 a2^2)/27 - a2^3/27
R * R = R^2 = a1^6/729 - (a1^4 a2)/81 + (a1^2 a2^2)/36 + (a1^3 a3)/27 - (a1 a2 a3)/6 + a3^2/4
d = Qcubed - R * R
```
Let `a1`, `a2`, `a3` have quite big same magnitudes, then we see that `Qcubed` and `R * R` have same terms `a1^6/729` and `-(a1^4 a2)/81` (which will be reduced in `d`), but they level out the other terms (these terms have `6`th and `5`th degree and other terms - less or equal than `4`th degree).
So, if these terms will participate in the calculation, this will lead to a huge round-off error.
But if we expand the expression, then round-off error should be less
```
d = Qcubed - R * R = 1/108 (a1^2 a2^2 - 4 a2^3 - 4 a1^3 a3 + 18 a1 a2 a3 - 27 a3^2)
```
See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request
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build: fix more warnings from recent gcc versions after #27337#27343
More fixings after https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/27337
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Fix typos #27338
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Update hash for the fastcv libs for both Linux and Android #27340
Replaces https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/27290
Updated libs PR: https://github.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/pull/95
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build: fix warnings from recent gcc versions #27337
This PR addresses the following found warnings:
- [x] -Wmaybe-uninitialized
- [x] -Wunused-variable
- [x] -Wsign-compare
Tested building with GCC 14.2 (RISC-V 64).
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Bug fix unstable crf #27270
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The PR resolves the issue for triangle Weights used by debevec algorithm being non zero at extremes.
It resolves#24966
The fix needs ground truth data to be changed in order to pass existing tests. PR to opencv_extra: https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1253
Add tests for solveCubic #27331
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
Related to #27323
I found only randomized tests with number of roots always equal to `1` or `3`, `x^3 = 0` and some simple test for Java and Swift.
Obviously, they don't cover all cases (implementation has strong branching and number of roots can be equal to `-1`, `0` and `2` additionally).
So, I think it will be useful to try explicitly cover more cases (and implementation branches correspondingly)
See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request
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hal/imgproc: add hal for calcHist and implement in hal/riscv-rvv #27332
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TFLite fixes for Face Blendshapes V2 #27307
### Pull Request Readiness Checklist
* Scalars support
* Better handling of 1D tensors
* New ops import: SUB, SQRT, DIV, NEG, SQUARED_DIFFERENCE, SUM
* Number of NHWC<->NCHW layouts compatibility improvements
resolves#27211
**Merge with extra**: https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1257
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imgproc: medianblur: Performance improvement #27299
* Bottleneck in non-vectorized path reduced.
* AVX512 dispatch added for medianblur.
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Add image dimension check to avoid StereoSGBM non-determinism #27305
Addresses #25828
Users noticed that StereoSGBM would occasionally give non-deterministic results for `.compute(imgL, imgR)`.
I and others traced the cause to out-of-bounds access that was not being caught when the input images were not wide enough for the input block size and number of disparities to StereoSGBM. The specific math and logic can be found in the above issue's discussion.
This PR adds a CV_Check to make sure images are wider than 1/2 of the block size + the max disparity the algorithm will search.
The check was only added to the regular `compute` method for StereoSGBM and not to the other modes, as I did not observe the non-deterministic behavior with the other compute modes like HH.
In addition, this PR adds a test case to Calib3d to make sure the check is being thrown in the problem case and that the results are deterministic in the good case.
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Make sure to not access outside normDiffTabMake sure to not access outside normDiffTab #27321
If the norm is outside the array (e.g. Hamming), memory is read outside of the array, which does not matter because the invalid pointer is not used oustide of the function (e.g. the Hamming path is taken) but it triggers the sanitizer.
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